#Modern teaching methods
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हिमाचल के 70 शिक्षक सिंगापुर रवाना, CM सुक्खू बोले- नया अनुभव लाएगा शिक्षा में क्रांति
Himachal News: हिमाचल प्रदेश के मुख्यमंत्री सुखविंदर सिंह सुक्खू ने रविवार, 13 अप्रैल 2025 को राजधानी शिमला से 70 शिक्षकों को सिंगापुर के शैक्षणिक भ्रमण पर रवाना किया। इस पहल का मकसद शिक्षकों को वैश्विक शिक्षण पद्धतियों से परिचित कराना और प्रदेश की शिक्षा व्यवस्था को और सशक्त करना है। ��मग्र शिक्षा के तहत आयोजित इस कार्यक्रम में सीएम सुक्खू ने शिक्षकों को शुभकामनाएं दीं और उनके पासपोर्ट सौंपे। यह…
#Education Reforms#government schools#himachal pradesh#modern teaching methods#Principals Academy#Samagra Shiksha#Shimla#Singapore educational tour#sukhvinder singh sukhu#teachers training
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#international schools#Modern teaching methods#Learning styles in schools#Teamwork#Concept building in schools#Best schools for brain development#Best International School In Yelahanka#Top International Schools In Yelahanka#Top International Schools In North Bangalore#Best International ICSE Schools In Yelahanka#ICSE Schools In Yelahanka NewTown Bangalore#Best Schools In Bangalore#Best International School In Bangalore
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BEST INTERMEDIATE COLLEGE IN GAJUWAKA#bestcollege#bestintermediatecollege#trending#viral
Welcome to Manasa Junior College, the best intermediate college in Gajuwaka offering quality education to students. Our dedicated faculty members are committed to providing a nurturing environment where students can thrive academically and personally. With a strong emphasis on holistic development, we strive to prepare our students for success.
At Manasa Junior College, we offer various courses and programs designed to meet our students' diverse needs and interests. Our state-of-the-art facilities and modern teaching methods ensure that our students receive a world-class education that prepares them for future challenges.
Join us at Manasa Junior College and discover a supportive community of learners dedicated to excellence in education.
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#bestcollege #intermediatecollege #Gajuwaka #education #students #academicexcellence #faculty #programs #courses #holisticdevelopment #futuresuccess #worldclasseducation #modernteachingmethods #supportivecommunity #excellenceineducation #ManasaJuniorCollege #qualityeducation #trending#viral
#best college#intermediate college#Gajuwaka#education#students#academic excellence#faculty#programs#courses#holistic development#future success#world-class education#modern teaching methods#supportive community#excellence in education#Manasa Junior College#quality education
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Saw @kettleninth's tags on this post about how Jayce's sincere desire to validate other people's interests would make him good with kids and yeah, I heartily agree. And I can see Viktor being good with kids too in a slightly different way, like he's one of those people who just talks to kids like they're adults because he doesn't know any other way to relate to them. And especially if you're a precocious kid, like Viktor himself probably was, you just eat that shit up.
Personally I really can't see either Jayce or Viktor wanting to become parents. But you know what they do have? Cool Teacher who lets all the weird kids hang out in their classroom at lunch energy.
They were both weird lonely kids and in, say, a modern AU where they're both high school teachers instead of college professors, you better believe they would attract weird lonely kids like magnets. Jayce is the cool science teacher who will let you infodump about your current hyperfixation and won't just pretend to be listening but will ask questions and produce a library book about it for you next week. And Viktor is the other cool science teacher who will show you how to pour liquid nitrogen over your hand as long as you don't tell the principal. ;-) And they're secretly dating.
#jayce and viktor adopt the zaun kids OUT#jayce and viktor as the zaun kids' weird teachers at the bougie prep school where they're all on scholarship IN#the council as the board of trustees who fund the school and sideye nontraditional teaching methods#mel as that one super rich alum who paid for the new science labs and is on their side#FUCK did i just make up a whole modern au for this??#arcane#viktor arcane#jayce talis#tumblr fic#I GUESS#realizing i kinda just want to insert them into my own experience as a weird kid at a bougie school#who was lucky enough to encounter several Cool Teachers along the way
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Innovative Teaching Methods in Modern ClassroomsInnovative Teaching Methods in Modern Classrooms The landscape of education has transformed signific... https://www.meoun.uk/innovative-teaching-methods-in-modern-classrooms/?feed_id=36000&_unique_id=674af1e52313c
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English Teachers' Workshop Concludes at DAV Public School Bistupur
Event focuses on updated curriculum and modern teaching strategies DAV Public School Bistupur’s two-day workshop for English teachers emphasizes interactive learning and new CBSE guidelines. JAMSHEDPUR – DAV Public School Bistupur concludes two-day workshop for English teachers, focusing on modern teaching methods and CBSE updates. The Capacity Building Programme for In-Service English teachers…
#शिक्षा#Capacity Building Programme#CBSE curriculum updates#DAV Public School Bistupur#education#English teachers workshop#interactive teaching methods#Jharkhand Zone-E schools#modern classroom techniques#primary education strategies#secondary education innovations#teacher training Jamshedpur
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The Pirate King
DP x DC Prompt (picked up AC Black Flag, the sea shanties inspired me for this one)
The entire DC world knows of the historical figure known as Captain Nightingale. The youngest pirate captain to ever live, as the stories tell that he was just a teenager when he began to earn the respect of adult piretes with his combat skills and his magic. Captain Nightingale had the largest navy to exist during the time of his reign.
Captain Nightingale was a boy who had pure white hair and tanned skin. His pirate outfit was mostly black with white accents and an amulet around his neck that is said to guide him to whatever he desires, yet the hear didn't seem to bother him. And he remained looking like a teenage boy for decades before he just vanished, leaving his ship, his sword, his outfit, and his amulet behind.
The "artifacts" of Captain Nightingale's reign have been scattered in the modern era of the DC world. Ra's Al Ghul has the entire outfit of Captain Nightingale, Ra's Al Ghul himself, has lost many times to the young Captain after it was decided that the pirate Captain would become a problem to them. Lex Luthor is the current owner of Captain Nightingale's ship, having used all of his devious methods to obtain it. Selina Kyle had stolen Captain Nightingale's amulet from a museum across the seas before arriving in Gotham. The Wayne family has the Sword of Captain Nightingale, as it is rumored that the Wayne's of that time were somehow part of Captain Nightingale's crew.
Danny, sent to the DC world on a vacation because of overworking himself on his Ghost King duties, learns about his other vacation as a Pirate Captain through a Lex Luthor funded tour about his ship, the Sagittarius, on display like a trophy.
Danny debates whether he should rally his crew again or remain a normal person. His debate is interrupted by a sticky note appearing on his forehead that reads:
"Try not to kill anyone, My King
C.W."
It looks like Captain Nightingale is going to make a dramatic reappearance into the living world after all.
The Justice League is looking for a mysterious thief that has been stealing the artifacts of Captain Nightingale. They learned of the artifacts going missing through Batman, as Catwoman complained to him about the Amulet of the Pirate Captain she stole was now stolen from her. Then Batman learned from Talia that the outfit of Captain Nightingale was stolen from her father's personal treasury. The sword of Captain Nightingale was just recently stolen from Wayne Manor, and only the ship remains, which Lex Luthor us doing all he can to prevent it from being taken.
The Justice League needs to catch this thief to stop them, as they learned from Constantine that the artifacts could be used in a ritual due to their strong magical affinities.
The Justice League had rushed to Lex Luthor's museum, where they caught the "thief" in the act of stealing the ship of Captain Nightingale. A teenage boy wearing the outfit, which looks to be a perfect fit, of the Captain, sword hanging off the hip of the "thief," and the Amulet glowing brightly while hanging off the neck of the "thief." But it's when the "thief" turns around to face them as he's climbing the ships side that shocks them. It's the spitting image of Captain Nightingale that looks at them.
"Ahoy there, landlubbers! I am ashamed that my personal property has been kept as far apart from each other for so long. Didn't none of you respect others' property?"
The ship began to float as the boy got closer to the steering wheel of the ship.
"I've come to teach you all a lesson for disrespecting the dead, but I won't be doing it alone"
The boy had grabbed the sword from his hip and raised it high.
"Rise from the grave, me hearties!"
The ship of Captain Nightingale began to be filled with undead pirates, all looking at the Justice League. Then, right before the ship had flown away, they all heard the boy, no, Captain Nightingale himself, say:
"It is time to set sail once again! Prepare for the return of Captain Nightingale!"
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Discovering the importance of measurement through hands-on experiences lays the foundation for understanding the concept of weight and encourages critical thinking. By crafting their own scales, students not only enhance their fine motor skills but also develop a deeper appreciation for the significance of accurate measurements in our everyday lives.
#measurements#InnoveraSchool#modern education#lonikalbhor#education#qualityeducation#child development#teaching methods#cbse school#preschool#cbse school near me#secondary education#best private school#school near me#educational psychology
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Love love love you Floyd jump ring fic- the leech boys deserve more love 🧜♂️
Would you be able to do a pre relationship of similar epic misunderstandings with Jade, maybe with Yuu not understanding merculture and/or Jade GREATLY misunderstanding human courting culture in his attempts to learn about land culture, I die thinking about how merpeople might misinterpret sayings like “the way to the heart is through the stomach” or “gotta get that ring” when enthusiastically trying to court
Rocks and Flowers
Jade Leech x gn!reader, pre-relationship
they/them pronouns, fluff, miscommunications/misunderstandings, a single use of my dear, poorly translated french damn you Rook
Word Count: 3616
I'M HERE I'M ALIVE. I'm getting ~*Diagnosed*~ finally. Lots of appointments this past week im so tired lmaoo Also I'm changing out all the character banners, so lemme know what yall think as stuff comes out
Jade had a baseline knowledge of land culture, of course. Before they came to land to go to Night Raven, he, Floyd, and Azul had all gone to land camp. It taught them how to avoid social faux pas with the people they'd meet on land, various human traditions, even how to walk. What it did not teach them was just how many turns of phrases the common language had. Some made sense, some even overlapped, but some were... notably harder to understand. And why were so many of them about ways to kill animals? He never bothered to ask questions, he knew they were just phrases that land dwellers often used to get their point across, and most of the time the meaning could be derived through context clues. Most of the time.
When Jade realized his own attraction towards you, he was hesitant to act on it. Land camp had explained a few things about human courting, but mostly in the context of how to avoid making acquaintances feel uncomfortable. He wasn't sure how exactly to go about it. He spent a lot of time trying to look things up online-- a mistake-- and in books, trying to figure out how humans even started their courting rituals let alone what the entire process entailed. He wasn't about to go around asking, knowing anyone who would be willing to give him an answer in the first place would also be the most likely to give him false information. So he was stuck looking through various books trying to find answers for you.
And he had no idea you were doing the same for him.
It was easy to fall for Jade once you got past the subtle menacing aura that was always surrounding him, and you fell hard. You didn't fully realize it yourself until you found that you'd listened to him talk about the mushrooms he'd found on his hike to fill out his most recent terrarium for two hours. You learned more about mushrooms in those two hours than most people would want to know in their entire lives, and you were excited to hear more. When you got back to your room that night, you started researching merfolk romance online-- A MISTAKE-- trying to make sure you wouldn't do anything to insult him. The only people you could ask about the topic were Azul and Floyd. Azul would almost certainly make you sign away something in return for the information, and Floyd... yeah, no. That's a nonstarter. So you ended up in the library, sneaking back to your dorm with books about merfolk courting rituals, both ancient and modern, praying no one would catch you on the way back.
Jade had read through the few informational manuals he could find on human courting-- one written by a merperson decades ago, and another that seemed to be angled towards preteen girls and had some truly terrible advice-- and had to move on to... more unconventional methods. Which lead to him reading romance novels in a far corner of the library. There were a surprising amount of them, many with musclebound men with long hair and a petite woman in his arms on the front. Jade opted for the other plentiful options that wouldn't blow his cover immediately. He was engrossed in his book, one hand propping his head up on the table and the other flipping pages, fingers lightly drumming on the cover as he read. It wasn't a terrible read, but it seemed wholly unrealistic. How would owning a dog get you a romantic partner? He was too deep into the book to notice someone lurking, barely keeping his composure as someone gasped loudly beside him.
"Monsieur Prémédité!" Not many people could sneak up on Jade, but Rook was definitely one of them. "I was not aware of your exquisite taste in literature! Comme c'est merveilleux!"
"This is actually quite far from my usual choice, I'm afraid." Jade corrected as Rook beamed down at him. He carefully flipped the book closed, back cover up, as two others approached from behind him. "Are you familiar with this one?"
"Oui! I find it most interesting how the dog is a pivotal part in the budding romance!"
Of course he does.
Vil leaned forward to skim through the description on the back, confusion growing on his expression at each word. "If this is so out of the norm for you, why are you reading it?" He asked.
"For research purposes." He admits, flashing the Pomefiore students a sharp smile.
"Un étudiant en l'amour?" Rook gasped excitedly as he quickly sat down across the table, lacing his fingers under his chin in intense interest as Vil rolled his eyes and straightened back up. "Monsieur Prémédité, je n'aurais jamais deviné! For what are you researching? Please, tell me everything!"
"Now you've done it..." Epel muttered from behind Vil, sounding exhausted.
Jade hesitated for a moment. The Pomefiore students would certainly be the ones to ask when it came to these sorts of things. They at least would be the least likely to lie to him about the particular subject. "I'm researching human courting rituals. There is little in the way of instructional manuals in our library, so I have turned to these." He gestured to the book in front of him before turning back to Rook, who practically had stars in his eyes. "Unfortunately, there isn't much to be gained from these, as it turns out."
"Are you trying to find information so you can court someone?" Epel asked, looking mildly concerned before Vil swatted him lightly upside the head with a mutter of "too blunt."
"Land boot camp never covered the topic, and I must admit, I've been dreadfully curious ever since I first heard the story of the mermaid princess." It was as easy for Jade to lie through his teeth as it was to breathe, piling on the pitiful tone and expression to try to play at least one of them for a sucker. "The stories never went into detail on how the land prince courted her, I thought I would find more information here, but alas..."
It was unsurprising that Rook took the bait, hand resting on his chest as he nodded along sympathetically. Vil rolled his eyes again and Epel muttered something about courting rituals to himself, neither nearly as invested in the lie.
"On land, courting must be bold!" Rook began without prompting as he stood from his chair, Vil only just keeping him from propping a foot dramatically on the table by grabbing his arm and pulling him back. "Loud proclamations of love! Flowers! Doves! Music!"
"And some people don't enjoy that at all." Vil sighed, shooing Rook down from his soapbox. "You just have to play to your audience. But it does often involve flowers."
"My Meemaw says the quickest way to anybody's heart is through their stomach." Epel chimed in, getting a quick glare from Vil at the accent slip.
"Your grandmother is correct on that front."
Jade stared for a moment at the phrase. Another he didn't recognize and wasn't exactly provided context clues for. The way to win your affections lies... in your stomach?
"The most common way to begin a human courtship is by bringing flowers, admitting your intentions, and inviting them out with you on a date." Vil explained further, Rook quietly waxing poetic about each point next to him. "Which is why it's more commonly referred to as dating, rather than courting."
"I see... This has been enlightening, I thank you all for your input." Jade nodded to them.
"Do let us know how it goes, Jade." Vil gave him a knowing smirk as he spoke.
Jade flashed back his own sharp smile, narrowing his eyes just slightly at the housewarden. "I've no idea what you mean, Vil."
Meanwhile, you'd found some fairly decent information on merfolk courting rituals, turns out their methods were significantly better documented than humans' were. Unfortunately for you, however, a lot of the courting rituals varied between the different species of merfolk and there wasn't a lot of overlap as far as you could tell. The biggest overlap you could find had to do with small gifts; pebbling, as some species of merfolk called it. It seemed to be finding something cool or pretty on the ocean floor and bringing it to the person you were courting, which sounded easy enough. You were already a fan of picking up cool rocks, it wouldn't be any trouble to just bring them to Jade instead of putting them on your windowsill.
Another common overlap you found was the importance of jewelry across all species of merfolk, but it seemed to be... maybe a little too important for just trying to date him. From what you could tell, giving a merperson jewelry was their closest equivalent to proposing, or maybe a promise ring? You weren't entirely sure, but it seemed like too much. Specifically to eel merfolk, the book you found talked a significant amount about a dance that you couldn't quite understand. It was definitely an underwater activity, as far as you could tell, but maybe dancing in general would be good enough on land? The way the book talked about it made it seem like it was common enough knowledge that no one would even bother writing down the details. You were too engrossed in the notes you were taking-- yes, you were taking notes on this-- to notice the floorboards on the other side of your door creaking.
"Hey Yuu, I got yer--" You scrambled to cover up your notes, the book, to be nonchalant about it as Epel walked into your room, holding your potionology notebook in his hands. He looked surprised at your panic as you blocked your desk with your body, definitely not looking completely suspicious. "--notes. What, uh... Whatcha doin'?"
"Nothing. Studying." You spat out, not moving from the uncomfortable position you found yourself in. "Thank you for bringing those back, you can leave them on the armchair."
"Or... I could just hand 'em to ya." He smirked, inching towards you and watching as you leaned backwards over your desk to keep hiding the evidence.
"Or you could just hand them to me!" You agreed in a tone too upbeat to be believable, snatching the notebook out of his hand as soon as he was close enough. "Thank you, Epel, but I really have to study so I'll see you tomorrow, okay?"
"Sure, sure..." He nodded slowly, just managing to peek past one of your arms, smirk growing devious. "Ya writin' an essay 'bout merfolk courtin' rituals?"
"OUT. GET OUT." You shouted as your face began to burn, leaping up from your awkward position to shove him out the door while he cackled.
"Aw, c'mon, I ain't gonna tell nobody!" He protested. "In fact, I got some interesting information myself in the library today--!"
"DON'T CARE, GET OUT. TELL NO ONE." You shoved him out into the hallway, slamming the door shut behind him.
Out in the hall, Epel simply shrugged, smirking to himself as he walked away. "They'll figure it out eventually." It was nice to be the one in the know.
You were mortified but at least you were fairly sure he wouldn't run to tell anyone about it, you don't think you'd ever be able to live it down if Ace caught wind of this. You twisted the lock on the door into place before going back to your desk to continue your research, face still burning red as you flipped everything back to where it had been.
Vil had given Jade a decent jumping off point, but he found himself going back to the phrase Epel had used. The way to the heart is through the stomach. Of course that had to be a way to win your affection, but through your stomach? He hadn't read anything about the abdomen being involved in any courtship rituals, at least not the initial stages. Perhaps he had missed something? Maybe it was something lesser known that older generations did? It couldn't possibly be as simple as food, could it? The common language turns of phrases were never so simple, even the ones he understood. He turned the phrase over in his head for a few days, too busy analyzing it as he walked into his Ancient Magic class to catch who had put a rock on his desk. Why was there a rock on his desk? He stopped to stare at it for a second before glancing around at his fellow sophomores, none of whom seemed to be taking even a passing interest in his confusion. It had definitely been placed with purpose, squarely in front of his chair so there was no way of him missing it or mistaking it as being for someone else. He picked it up as he sat down, turning it over to examine in his hand as Floyd flopped down in the seat next to him.
"I don't suppose you saw who left this, did you?" Jade asked, presenting the rock for Floyd to see.
"Nah, couldn't give a shit less." Floyd grumbled, barely glancing at the rock before draping himself forward over the desk.
Jade hummed lightly, glancing around one more time before depositing the rock in his bag. He could maybe make use of it for a terrarium, if nothing else. He didn't think much of it the first time, but as the week went on, there continued to be rocks on his desks. Not ever in the same class either, so he could confirm that it was not an accident the first time. They were just small rocks that could fit in the palm of his hand, some of them having interesting patterns or colorations, some having interesting shapes, but they were still rocks. He kept the nicest few to put in his terrariums, the rest were left in his bag to bring with him on his next trip to the mountain.
By the end of the week, you were out of your coolest rocks that you were willing to give away. You were almost certain you were doing this wrong, leaving them for him to find instead of just handing them to him, but you were so afraid that maybe pebbling didn't apply to eel merfolk, or that the rocks weren't good enough. You didn't find them outside in the grass or still in the classrooms, so you considered that a win at least. And Epel was the only one smirking at you whenever Jade walked into the cafeteria or down the hall, so he hadn't told anyone what he'd seen. Another win!
You planned to spend your weekend figuring out how to go about dancing with Jade. The books weren't clear enough on what the dance entailed besides that it was done with tail fins while underwater, but it was very clear that it was done while courting. You were on the couch in the Ramshackle lounge on Saturday evening, rereading the courting book for any sort of clues you'd missed when there was a knock on the door. You quickly shoved the book between the couch cushions, making sure it was completely hidden as you got up and headed for the door, immediately glad you'd hidden the book as you opened the door to Jade standing on the front porch. He was dressed in the outfit he usually wore to go up the mountain, mud still on his boots from his hike and gloves dangling out of his pockets.
"Hello, Yuu." He said pleasantly, looking over your obviously startled demeanor. "I do hope I'm not interrupting."
"No, not at all." You waved him off quickly, trying desperately not to somehow give yourself away. "Just, uh... reading. What's up?"
You froze as he stepped forward, into your personal space, and placed a hand on your stomach, just above your navel. Even through your shirt, his hand was cool, sending a shiver up your spine. You stared wide eyed as he smiled down at you before reaching into his bag and pulling out a bundle of small flowers, presenting them to you. They were a little squashed from being in his bag, and it looked like he had picked them off the mountain himself. You felt the heat rising on your cheeks as you took them from him, the fact he’d taken the time to gather them himself was flattering by itself.
“I was given advice on how to go about this, and was told to just be straightforward with my intentions.” He began plainly. “I’ve found myself drawn to you recently, and would like to begin courting you. I was told it was called “dating” and that I should invite you out with me, if you’re interested?”
You could feel how hot your face was getting as he spoke, not believing your luck. Maybe you wouldn’t have to figure out that dance? Maybe you still should? Would it be rude not to? He, on the other hand, was getting nervous in the drawn out silence that your internal reeling was creating, worried he’d done something wrong. He wouldn’t show it on his face, of course, but he was getting uncomfortable.
“Oh, uh, yeah!” You spat out quickly, chuckling nervously as you realized just how long you’d let that moment drag out. “Definitely. When? And where?”
He paused for a few confused blinks, smile slipping as you watched a light dusting of pink grow on his cheeks. If he weren’t so close, you might’ve not even noticed. “I was... unaware that was something I had to plan ahead of time.” He admitted slowly, internally cursing himself for not asking more details when he had the chance.
“That’s alright!” You were quick to assure him, fiddling with the little bouquet he’d given you. “We can figure that out together, if you want?”
His smile returned at the offer, warmer this time, fonder. “I’d enjoy that.”
“Great!”
There was another pause as you looked down at the small blooms in your hands, then at his hand, which was still rested on your belly. You glanced up at his face, then his hand, then his face again.
“Hey Jade?”
“Hm?”
“What... What is this?” You tried your best not to sound like you disapproved as you glanced down at his hand again. What if it was something the books didn’t cover? Other than the dance-- and the inadvisable internet searches-- there was no mention of physical contact. There was dancing, there was biting which was less for courting and more for established couples, but not... this.
He pulled his hand away as if he’d been burned, the blush on his cheeks growing slightly. “Ah. That wasn’t correct then?”
“I don’t know? What was it?”
He groaned slightly, pinching at the bridge of his nose as he spoke. “Epel had said a phrase that I didn’t quite understand, about the stomach being the key to affections. Even Vil agreed that it was correct, I thought it must be a common courting method.”
You muttered the words to yourself, trying to piece the phrase together, biting your lip hard to keep from laughing when you realized what he was talking about. “The way to someone’s heart is through their stomach?”
“Yes, that’s the one. I’m not familiar with many common language phrases.”
“Food. The way to someone’s heart is good food.”
It really was that simple. Damn it. He let out an awkward chuckle, trying to hide his embarrassed expression from you by rubbing at his eyes. “I suppose I should’ve just looked it up, I’m sorry.”
“It’s okay!” You laughed, wanting to reassure him. This was going way too well for him to back out due to embarrassment now! “It’s hard to find information on what’s allegedly common knowledge! I mean, I can’t figure out that courting dance for the life of me--!”
You slapped your hand over your mouth as you realized what you were saying, watching as Jade slowly looked up at you in confusion. You wanted to cringe all the way back up to your room as you watched him mouth the word “dance,” gears turning in his head as he looked you over, before a smile grew on his face. You broke eye contact as you realized he’d clicked everything into place.
“Yuu, have you been pebbling me?” He asked, tone equal parts teasing and astonished.
Well, this was going too well for either of you to back out due to embarrassment now, you supposed. You lowered your hand, narrowing your eyes at him with a smirk. “That depends, has it been working?”
He laughed, hiding it behind his fist as his eyes scrunched closed, and your heart absolutely fluttered. You really did fall hard. And so did he. He was flattered that you’d also done research on courting, relieved that you hadn’t gotten it quite right either, glad it hadn’t deterred either of you.
“It would’ve worked better if I’d know it was you, my dear.” He responded through his laughter, giving you a look of pure adoration. “Typically, you hand the items to people, not leave things for them to find themselves.”
“I wasn’t sure I was doing it right!” You defended lightheartedly.
“Well then,” he started as he held a hand out for you to take, which you did, of course, “how does dinner sound? Since food is the way to the heart.” He pulled you a little closer, tone dropping a bit as his smile grew. “Then, perhaps, I can teach you that dance.”
I DO NOT GIVE PERMISSION TO USE MY WORK TO TRAIN AI
MASTERLIST
#twisted wonderland#twst#twisted wonderland x reader#twst x reader#jade leech#jade leech x reader#twisted wonderland fic#mine#rossignol throw back to epel being the one who Knows#i hc epel as someone who likes to hear gossip but not spread it around#he just likes to know things#the end of this is so dialogue heavy but i didnt know how to end it for like a straight week#idk if jade is super out of character for this but i really liked making him a little awkward it was fun lol
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The Best School Practices And Teaching Methods For Creating Successful Modern School

It can be challenging for leaders and people involved in teaching jobs who want to invest in an initiative to transform their educational institutions to find a clear route ahead given the discussions that seem to never cease about innovation and change. More than only financial investments in tangible assets are needed to create a modern learning environment. Despite the fact that the idea of the modern educational setting is still in its infancy, best practices—which include a dedication to student-centered instruction and continuing education for teachers—are already establishing a consensus. Students in contemporary classrooms are prepared for a future of shifting opportunities and advances in technology.
Creating a modern school
It will take a broad effort to develop an innovative system for modernizing education that will meet the needs of learners in the twenty-first century. A "modern school" is one designed for students who are navigating the 4th Industrial Revolution and the present evolving educational landscape. The cornerstone of constructing modern educational institutions will be founded not just on innovative technology or future construction, but also on establishing advanced learning environments. The focus will be on reexamining the tenets of what constitutes schooling, instruction, and learning. Those in educational leaders and management will be engaged in a continuous process of designing innovative schools. It will take decades to reimagine an educational system that was established just over a century ago.
Best practices in education for creating successful modern schools -
Modern educational institutions think that the best catalyst for change is innovation within the classroom.
Although it may be alluring for schools to rely on professionals who support evidence-based best practices, contemporary schools are becoming more aware of the drawbacks of doing so. In order to decide where their time and energy should be spent most effectively, modern schools must take into account their particular circumstances, the demands of their student cohort, their exposure to new technologies, as well as the makeup of their workforce. A crucial first step to fostering long-lasting change is working with academics to create a longer-term school-based research effort.
Selecting an educational approach carefully
Many various approaches to education are being applied in order to create environments where children will want to acquire knowledge and may succeed. Examples include basic learning, interdisciplinarity, and inquiry-based learning. These models all want to replace the ones already in use, as do the numerous fresh models that will appear in the future. Some items are only trendy and will become obsolete in a couple of years. Others either won't go away for long or will be integrated into more sophisticated models. Choosing which model of education to apply when developing a new educational system will be challenging.
Modern educational institutions must adopt new pedagogies with a change in practice
Modern leaders must be able to describe the scope of the influence that innovation will have after deciding to undertake school-led transformation and clearly communicate their views on how students learn. Schools must recognize that their current ideas of learning may not be sufficient in the age of modern leadership. To explain how their pupils learn in a technologically advanced environment and how their teachers currently instruct in that environment, they will probably need new vocabulary and pedagogical models.
Transformation occurs with a clear understanding of the digitally rich world
Transformation won't take place until we have a comprehensive knowledge of how contemporary learners study in the technologically advanced society they inhabit. We can create new pedagogies to investigate deeper, more pertinent learning inside schools if we have a better knowledge about what is learned in this informal setting. In our classrooms today, we have a tendency to look backward at our current practices and look for methods to add technology use on top of them. Even in a world where technology is pervasive, the outcomes are often disappointing and merely additive rather than transformative.
Modern campus and classroom architecture
Without a doubt, schools today won't look anything like the ones we visited just a few decades ago. Numerous options must be taken into account when remodeling the classroom, including the seating layout, collaborative areas, and show-casting areas. The entire school might also benefit from using this on a larger scale. The best school architecture firms will help schools think through how to design spaces that will best serve the requirements of learners, teachers, and administrators.
Integrating Skills for the future to continuously hone and enhance their methods
While it may be tempting to execute large-scale change or copy teaching and learning strategies from other institutions and other outside sources, these initiatives too frequently fall short of expectations, and nothing is learned as a result. Trials and pilots both have a chance of failing. Modern teachers are more inclined to approach change gradually, which increases the likelihood that the change will be successful. Small, iterative steps are taken throughout implementation, allowing for continuous impact evaluation and practice improvement.
Qualitative improvement serves as a barometer for transformation
Instead of just focusing on what their pupils have learned, modern schools measure change as a function of the change in how kids learn. It involves gathering proof of this change from their students' work and qualitatively evaluating their advancement. This entails documenting how their students' learning has changed as well as how they work on challenging projects, collaborate to build knowledge, and make wiser choices regarding their education. The learning environment will also change as a result of this, including the roles and duties of the teachers and students, the actual educational spaces, and of obviously, the technologies used.
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Goodnight warning for extremely corny post ahead I think bingge should kidnap his own shen yuan and when shen yuan looks at him, annoyed and unafraid, asking why binghe brought him to his world, binghe firmly says "because I deserve to be loved."
Shen Yuan immediately softens and says "yes, you do." After all, he is the person commenting binghe deserves better than this shit and binghe I have to get you out of pidw on every chapter
Shen yuan doesn't quite understand though.. he says he'll help binghe find someone who loves and appreciates him.
The two of them taking walks in the palace gardens as shen yuan rambles about courting methods he could use to really show he's opening his heart to his wives.. binghe says shen yuan should show him by example so shen yuan nods and begins their lessons. Sy teaches him modern waltzes and makes him terrible pancakes that binghe still eats..
One day he gives binghe a present and says romantic partners are just like friends and his wives should also give him things they think he'll like
Shen yuan doesn't have any of this world's money so how did he get this..? shen yuan is reluctant to explain, but after binghe prods him enough, shen yuan admits he sold the watch he was wearing when binghe took him from his apartment and got some of this world's currency. Binghe is shocked and starts crying and needs to be comforted with so many hugs and headpats..
Binghe is sitting in a lesson as shen yuan goes on and on about all thr qualities his ideal wide needs to have because binghe deserves only the best and binghe just thinks, "he's a little oblivious, but I really did find a shizun that loves me.."
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Does the way my alien character disguises himself as a POC perpetuate harmful tropes?
Anonymous asks:
"Hi all! I'm a longtime follower, first time asker. There's something about my current story that feels a little sticky, and I haven't been able to find any applicable information on the blog. I'm working on a queer monster romance. The setting is a modern one with supernatural elements. One of the main characters is an alien refugee, and his species has an ability to possess corpses and retain some of the last soul's memories to disguise themselves. It's morbid, but it's supposed to be a story about monsters, and he doesn't do worse beyond that. I've read a lot of posts by Latinx and Jewish people talking about aliens on Earth as a metaphor for immigrants, with the struggle of adapting to a new culture and being separated from the one you were born into, and since my story takes place in Southern California, which has a large population of Mexican immigrants, I thought it made sense to make his ""host body"" Mexican. However, the more I think on it, I'm worried that his ""disguise"" method could be viewed as a violation of a brown body. I'm also concerned that he's just TOO monstrous, and could play into a harmful trope of making POC inhuman. The other main character is white and more visibly monstrous, and there are other POC who aren't monsters, but is it enough? Should my alien disguise himself in another way? I know mods aren't answering questions about Latino culture right now, but I think this is more about harmful tropes against POC in general. Thanks for reading."
I appreciate that your response is about the Mexican community rather than the Jewish community, but still take a look at Mod Shira’s post on Jewish Monster Characters Doing Harm as well as Monsters in General.
Consider the tension that your monsters create. As those posts suggested, could you swap out “monster” and replace it with “immigrant,” “Latine,” or "Mexican" and see real-world conflict? If so, then the story could be veering towards a metaphor for race-relations, despite being a romance genre and not an #ownvoices narrative.
You mentioned that some monsters disguise themselves in white bodies but are “more monstrous.” That’s interesting, but I’m still unclear: does your alien monster merge with its host, or is it just wearing their skin? In the anime Parasyte, the alien Migi and its human host have deep conversations about humanity, culture, and perspective. These are all things Migi doesn’t initially understand. This exchange gives the human host agency while preserving their cultural identity. Will your Latine MC receive that kind of humanization?
If not, and these aliens are simply using a Latine appearance as a disguise, that’s a problem. It effectively erases the Latino experience while using a Latine character’s face, which feels deeply unsettling. It risks reducing Mexican identity to an aesthetic rather than acknowledging its depth of culture, traditions, history, food, music, humor, or language.
Since this is a queer romance, it also raises another issue: if the alien is just impersonating a Latine person, then the Latine love interest is, in reality, falling for someone who isn’t actually Latine. Does the love interest teach the alien about Latino culture? That could work, or fall flat depending on execution.
Ultimately, if there’s no strong narrative reason for this alien to present as Latine, it might be worth reconsidering their ethnicity. Maybe your next story could have a Latine MC without this sort of ambiguity, or you could make the alien merge with a real Latine host, similar to Parasyte. Alternatively, the love interest could be Latine, allowing for meaningful cultural exchange. Personally, I’d pass on a book where a non-Latine entity is running around murdering and romancing in Latine skin. But that’s just me.
~ Melanie 🌻
since my story takes place in Southern California, which has a large population of Mexican immigrants, I thought it made sense to make his "host body" Mexican.
This just sounds exactly like the aliens disguising themselves as Latin American immigrants in The Men In Black (1997) lol. In MIB, it is an intentional joke/play on the word “alien” that only worked in the 90s. That’s going to be the first thing audiences think of when they read this scenario.
~ Rina
Rina and Melanie’s Required Reading/Watching Recs:
The Men In Black (Columbia Pictures, 1997)
The Host (Stephenie Meyer, 2008) 😖
Parasyte (dir. Shimizu Kenichi, Madhouse, 2014)
Our prescription: more research and genre awareness.
#asks#stereotypes#latine#latino#aliens#worldbuilding#monsters#romance#representation#characters#mexican
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"the public education system is intently evil and all teachers are abusive because it was the worst experience ever for me personally"
guys, look, I'm legitimately sorry that happened to you. that's fucked up. it shouldn't have happened, and it shouldn't be allowed to happen again to you or anyone else. I'm sorry.
public school was hard for me too, at times, and I'm still suffering the consequences for the harsh grading, the arbitrary deadlines, the hours of completely useless-to-me homework. I could name a few teachers who have been pretty fucking terrible. the fact that nobody considered getting me evaluated for ADHD has had an impact on my self image and academic success that I can't erase.
and also.
I grew up in an area where education, in particular, is incredibly progressive-leaning. educators are working really hard to create and try out education philosophies and practices that prioritize kids and their learning, rather than teachers and what they think kids should learn.
My sex ed was comprehensive, and came entirely from school. My gay sixth grade teacher taught me about HIV/AIDs in a useful, accurate way. In high school, I learned about the way orgasms work & I was prepared not to feel shame for normal stuff.
I learned that Communism was not what the USSR actually practiced, and what it really means. I learned about atrocities and, specifically, the genocide of indigenous people committed in/by the US. I learned about the military industrial complex, the school-to-prison pipeline, and I learned about manifestations of racism specific to my local area. I learned about Stonewall, and the intersection of the civil rights movement with gay rights and disability justice.
My creative writing teacher taught us about LSD, and the real reasons we shouldn't do it, after a hilariously ineffective assembly run by some local cops. He spoke gently, carefully, and emphatically about his friends and his own experiences. Later in the semester, he read us a story he wrote about two gay men finding each other in a deeply homophobic environment.
My sci-fi teacher made me feel safe & seen as a kid with "weird" interests. My US History teacher helped me research and put together a 10-page paper on the modern relevance and mission of Feminism. My government teacher made me feel appreciated for the work I put into the class, and the thought I put into what I said in it, even though he disagreed with a lot of it. My sixth grade teacher bought me books to read with his personal money, whichever ones I asked for. My third grade teacher made me feel safe. My science teacher in middle school made me excited for and passionate about science, and saw and nurtured the effort I put into her class.
A lot of stuff sucks, absolutely. But I am seeing new teaching methods being tried out all the time, and I am watching teachers get really excited when I teach their students about the roots of modern graffiti in US black history & to question property laws, and just...
There's hope. there are so many people doing so much work to make things better. so many people agree with you on what education should be, and are trying so fucking hard to put that into action, and so many public schools- not just teachers, but whole schools and even districts- are really doing that work. so much is getting better.
I had more to say, about necessary childcare and trusted adults and outside contacts and time away from abusive family. But like. Please just sit down and listen to more people on this, and please talk to educators and education professionals about what's really going on in this big huge world of philosophy, science, and practice.
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You Are A Wizard, So Pour Over The Tomes
Hypnosis is magic. It is not just “the closest we can get to magic.” Trance practices in all kinds of forms have served as the basis for mysticism across cultures and human history -- thousands of years. It is not new. It is not western. It did not start with Franz Mesmer or James Braid or Milton Erickson or Wiseguy.
Modern hypnosis stems from a rich human history of fascination and spiritual veneration of the mind’s power. We are practitioners of a comparably new discipline where we can literally change the way that other people experience the world. Their innermost selves are as leverage to us -- putty to us, when we know what we are doing. We can transform others freely. We can give pleasure or pain. We can facilitate experiences that seem to defy reality.
People talk a big game about respecting that power. What they usually mean by that is respecting EACH OTHER. That’s crucial, obviously -- not manipulating, not harming, being a good person.
But what about respecting the discipline itself?
It’s tempting to see what we do as disconnected from the “historical” and “outdated” methods of hypnosis. But we are a part of that history. We are likely hilariously wrong about a lot of things related to trance, hypnosis, the human mind -- what will hypnosis and psychology look like in 100 years? And even as we innovate, we are always building on the techniques and ideas that came before us -- in ways we are often not even aware of. We reinvent; we use ideas from the past unknowingly.
We have a right -- and a responsibility -- to OWN our magic. I am not here to gatekeep and say that this magic is not yours. It IS yours; it’s unequivocally yours. But as a whole we could do more to respect it.
“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” And hypnosis is not even a technology that we UNDERSTAND. The only real reason we DON’T see ourselves as wizards is because there is a huge motivation to legitimize hypnosis as a scientific discipline -- and non-rationalist perspectives are looked down upon in our culture. I’m not anti-science (maybe a little -- tongue in cheek) but I do think that labeling hypnosis as “just psychology” is dishonest about how much we actually objectively know about it -- and does a disservice to the phenomenon itself.
I’m not saying hypnosis is literally metaphysical. But I am saying we practice something very powerful without knowing its nature. There are secrets we have tried to suss out about this magic through history that we have written down -- past and present. We actually have tomes of knowledge, records of past experiments and modern inventors.
In the last couple of years, I’ve started teaching/facilitating “text studies” -- classes where we sit down with an excerpt from a hypnosis book and parse through it as a collaborative group. I desperately want to show people that there is value in just critically reading the resources available to us. The clinical texts -- especially older ones -- are hard to read, like they are almost in a different language. But it is amazing the insights we have come to by tackling them together.
These old texts are not pure truths -- there is a lot we’ve improved on over time. But we can learn a lot by learning what hypnosis was like historically. The entire discipline of hypnosis is extremely susceptible to change -- it is defined SO MUCH by how we view it culturally. I just recently was amazed at re-reading some Erickson where he talks about making his subjects daydream autonomously -- as a primary mode and result of inducing hypnosis. Contrast that with today, where if someone’s mind wanders for even a moment, they feel like they’ve failed. There’s something really important here -- a technique from 50 years ago that tells us something we’ve lost in modern practice.
And there are countless examples of this, of people losing and reinventing methods over and over. As I’ve watched our kinky niche grow over just the past 13 years, I’ve watched ideas phase in, out, and in again -- there is both growth and regression of our collective body of knowledge. That’s the nature of things, especially when we operate partially disconnected from the resources that are available to us.
We CAN be connected to the rich human history of trying to unravel the secrets about our minds, and about this thing that gives us enormous transformative powers -- powers that we take for granted.
You are a wizard -- so pour over the tomes.
Read a book. Read an article. Set aside some time and view yourself with the respect of being someone who can study and suss out a magical text. Take notes, look up words and concepts you don’t know. Or just absorb what you can on a first pass and go back later. Read a chapter or just master a single page. Romanticize the aesthetic of sitting with the scent of paper, or as the technomancer with words appearing on a screen.
Read. Own this art. And bring that respect of this art to the people you share it with. I promise you can do things with hypnosis that you have never thought possible.
------------------
This is a little motivational piece (for you and me!) as I gear up to teach "Analyzing Erickson" at Charmed. It's something I feel really passionately about, and I wanted to share it.
Permanently linked/free on Patreon.
#hypnosis#hypnok1nk#brainwashing#mind control#hypnosub#hypnofetish#my writing#this might be the thing i feel most passionate about
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For the past six years or so, this graph has been making its rounds on social media, always reappearing at conveniently timed moments…
The insinuation is loud and clear: parallels abound between 18th-century France and 21st-century USA. Cue the alarm bells—revolution is imminent! The 10% should panic, and ordinary folk should stock up on non-perishables and, of course, toilet paper, because it wouldn’t be a proper crisis without that particular frenzy. You know the drill.
Well, unfortunately, I have zero interest in commenting on the political implications or the parallels this graph is trying to make with today’s world. I have precisely zero interest in discussing modern-day politics here. And I also have zero interest in addressing the bottom graph.
This is not going to be one of those "the [insert random group of people] à la lanterne” (1) kind of posts. If you’re here for that, I’m afraid you’ll be disappointed.
What I am interested in is something much less click-worthy but far more useful: how historical data gets used and abused and why the illusion of historical parallels can be so seductive—and so misleading. It’s not glamorous, I’ll admit, but digging into this stuff teaches us a lot more than mindless rage.
So, let’s get into it. Step by step, we’ll examine the top graph, unpick its assumptions, and see whether its alarmist undertones hold any historical weight.
Step 1: Actually Look at the Picture and Use Your Brain
When I saw this graph, my first thought was, “That’s odd.” Not because it’s hard to believe the top 10% in 18th-century France controlled 60% of the wealth—that could very well be true. But because, in 15 years of studying the French Revolution, I’ve never encountered reliable data on wealth distribution from that period.
Why? Because to the best of my knowledge, no one was systematically tracking income or wealth across the population in the 18th century. There were no comprehensive records, no centralised statistics, and certainly no detailed breakdowns of who owned what across different classes. Graphs like this imply data, and data means either someone tracked it or someone made assumptions to reconstruct it. That’s not inherently bad, but it did get my spider senses tingling.
Then there’s the timeframe: 1760–1790. Thirty years is a long time— especially when discussing a period that included wars, failed financial policies, growing debt, and shifting social dynamics. Wealth distribution wouldn’t have stayed static during that time. Nobles who were at the top in 1760 could be destitute by 1790, while merchants starting out in 1760 could be climbing into the upper tiers by the end of the period. Economic mobility wasn’t common, but over three decades, it wasn’t unheard of either.
All of this raises questions about how this graph was created. Where’s the data coming from? How was it measured? And can we really trust it to represent such a complex period?
Step 2: Check the Fine Print
Since the graph seemed questionable, the obvious next step was to ask: Where does this thing come from? Luckily, the source is clearly cited at the bottom: “The Income Inequality of France in Historical Perspective” by Christian Morrisson and Wayne Snyder, published in the European Review of Economic History, Vol. 4, No. 1 (2000).
Great! A proper academic source. But, before diving into the article, there’s a crucial detail tucked into the fine print:
“Data for the bottom 40% in France is extrapolated given a single data point.”
What does that mean?
Extrapolation is a statistical method used to estimate unknown values by extending patterns or trends from a small sample of data. In this case, the graph’s creator used one single piece of data—one solitary data point—about the wealth of the bottom 40% of the French population. They then scaled or applied that one value to represent the entire group across the 30-year period (1760–1790).
Put simply, this means someone found one record—maybe a tax ledger, an income statement, or some financial data—pertaining to one specific year, region, or subset of the bottom 40%, and decided it was representative of the entire demographic for three decades.
Let’s be honest: you don’t need a degree in statistics to know that’s problematic. Using a single data point to make sweeping generalisations about a large, diverse population (let alone across an era of wars, famines, and economic shifts) is a massive leap. In fact, it’s about as reliable as guessing how the internet feels about a topic from a single tweet.
This immediately tells me that whatever numbers they claim for the bottom 40% of the population are, at best, speculative. At worst? Utterly meaningless.
It also raises another question: What kind of serious journal would let something like this slide? So, time to pull up the actual article and see what’s going on.
Step 3: Check the Sources
As I mentioned earlier, the source for this graph is conveniently listed at the bottom of the image. Three clicks later, I had downloaded the actual article: “The Income Inequality of France in Historical Perspective” by Morrisson and Snyder.
The first thing I noticed while skimming through the article? The graph itself is nowhere to be found in the publication.
This is important. It means the person who created the graph didn’t just lift it straight from the article—they derived it from the data in the publication. Now, that’s not necessarily a problem; secondary analysis of published data is common. But here’s the kicker: there’s no explanation in the screenshot of the graph about which dataset or calculations were used to make it. We’re left to guess.
So, to figure this out, I guess I’ll have to dive into the article itself, trying to identify where they might have pulled the numbers from. Translation: I signed myself up to read 20+ pages of economic history. Thrilling stuff.
But hey, someone has to do it. The things I endure to fight disinformation...
Step 4: Actually Assess the Sources Critically
It doesn’t take long, once you start reading the article, to realise that regardless of what the graph is based on, it’s bound to be somewhat unreliable. Right from the first paragraph, the authors of the paper point out the core issue with calculating income for 18th-century French households: THERE IS NO DATA.
The article is refreshingly honest about this. It states multiple times that there were no reliable income distribution estimates in France before World War II. To fill this gap, Morrisson and Snyder used a variety of proxy sources like the Capitation Tax Records (2), historical socio-professional tables, and Isnard’s income distribution estimates (3).
After reading the whole paper, I can say their methodology is intriguing and very reasonable. They’ve pieced together what they could by using available evidence, and their process is quite well thought-out. I won’t rehash their entire argument here, but if you’re curious, I’d genuinely recommend giving it a read.
Most importantly, the authors are painfully aware of the limitations of their approach. They make it very clear that their estimates are a form of educated guesswork—evidence-based, yes, but still guesswork. At no point do they overstate their findings or present their conclusions as definitive
As such, instead of concluding with a single, definitive version of the income distribution, they offer multiple possible scenarios.
It’s not as flashy as a bold, tidy graph, is it? But it’s far more honest—and far more reflective of the complexities involved in reconstructing historical economic data.
Step 5: Run the numbers
Now that we’ve established the authors of the paper don’t actually propose a definitive income distribution, the question remains: where did the creators of the graph get their data? More specifically, which of the proposed distributions did they use?
Unfortunately, I haven’t been able to locate the original article or post containing the graph. Admittedly, I haven’t tried very hard, but the first few pages of Google results just link back to Twitter, Reddit, Facebook, and Tumblr posts. In short, all I have to go on is this screenshot.
I’ll give the graph creators the benefit of the doubt and assume that, in the full article, they explain where they sourced their data. I really hope they do—because they absolutely should.
That being said, based on the information in Morrisson and Snyder’s paper, I’d make an educated guess that the data came from Table 6 or Table 10, as these are the sections where the authors attempt to provide income distribution estimates.
Now, which dataset does the graph use? Spoiler: None of them.
How can we tell? Since I don’t have access to the raw data or the article where this graph might have been originally posted, I resorted to a rather unscientific method: I used a graphical design program to divide each bar of the chart into 2.5% increments and measure the approximate percentage for each income group.
Here’s what I found:
Now, take a moment to spot the issue. Do you see it?
The problem is glaring: NONE of the datasets from the paper fit the graph. Granted, my measurements are just estimates, so there might be some rounding errors. But the discrepancies are impossible to ignore, particularly for the bottom 40% and the top 10%.
In Morrisson and Snyder’s paper, the lowest estimate for the bottom 40% (1st and 2nd quintiles) is 10%. Even if we use the most conservative proxy, the Capitation Tax estimate, it’s 9%. But the graph claims the bottom 40% held only 6%.
For the top 10% (10th decile), the highest estimate in the paper is 53%. Yet the graph inflates this to 60%.
Step 6: For fun, I made my own bar charts
Because I enjoy this sort of thing (yes, this is what I consider fun—I’m a very fun person), I decided to use the data from the paper to create my own bar charts. Here’s what came out:
What do you notice?
While the results don’t exactly scream “healthy economy,” they look much less dramatic than the graph we started with. The creators of the graph have clearly exaggerated the disparities, making inequality seem worse.
Step 7: Understand the context before drawing conclusions
Numbers, by themselves, mean nothing. Absolutely nothing.
I could tell you right now that 47% of people admit to arguing with inanimate objects when they don’t work, with printers being the most common offender, and you’d probably believe it. Why? Because it sounds plausible—printers are frustrating, I’ve used a percentage, and I’ve phrased it in a way that sounds “academic.”
You likely wouldn’t even pause to consider that I’m claiming 3.8 billion people argue with inanimate objects. And let’s be real: 3.8 billion is such an incomprehensibly large number that our brains tend to gloss over it.
If, instead, I said, “Half of your friends probably argue with their printers,” you might stop and think, “Wait, that seems a bit unlikely.” (For the record, I completely made that up—I have no clue how many people yell at their stoves or complain to their toasters.)
The point? Numbers mean nothing unless we put them into context.
The original paper does this well by contextualising its estimates, primarily through the calculation of the Gini coefficient (4).
The authors estimate France’s Gini coefficient in the late 18th century to be 0.59, indicating significant income inequality. However, they compare this figure to other regions and periods to provide a clearer picture:
Amsterdam (1742): Much higher inequality, with a Gini of 0.69.
Britain (1759): Lower inequality, with a Gini of 0.52, which rose to 0.59 by 1801.
Prussia (mid-19th century): Far less inequality, with a Gini of 0.34–0.36.
This comparison shows that income inequality wasn’t unique to France. Other regions experienced similar or even higher levels of inequality without spontaneously erupting into revolution.
Accounting for Variations
The authors also recalculated the Gini coefficient to account for potential variations. They assumed that the income of the top quintile (the wealthiest 20%) could vary by ±10%. Here’s what they found:
If the top quintile earned 10% more, the Gini coefficient rose to 0.66, placing France significantly above other European countries of the time.
If the top quintile earned 10% less, the Gini dropped to 0.55, bringing France closer to Britain’s level.
Ultimately, the authors admit there’s uncertainty about the exact level of inequality in France. Their best guess is that it was comparable to other countries or somewhat worse.
Step 8: Drawing Some Conclusions
Saying that most people in the 18th century were poor and miserable—perhaps the French more so than others—isn’t exactly a compelling statement if your goal is to gather clicks or make a dramatic political point.
It’s incredibly tempting to look at the past and find exactly what we want to see in it. History often acts as a mirror, reflecting our own expectations unless we challenge ourselves to think critically. Whether you call it wishful thinking or confirmation bias, it’s easy to project the future onto the past.
Looking at the initial graph, I understand why someone might fall into this trap. Simple, tidy narratives are appealing to everyone. But if you’ve studied history, you’ll know that such narratives are a myth. Human nature may not have changed in thousands of years, but the contexts we inhabit are so vastly different that direct parallels are meaningless.
So, is revolution imminent? Well, that’s up to you—not some random graph on the internet.
Notes
(1) A la lanterne was a revolutionary cry during the French Revolution, symbolising mob justice where individuals were sometimes hanged from lampposts as a form of public execution
(2) The capitation tax was a fixed head tax implemented in France during the Ancien Régime. It was levied on individuals, with the amount owed determined by their social and professional status. Unlike a proportional income tax, it was based on pre-assigned categories rather than actual earnings, meaning nobles, clergy, and commoners paid different rates regardless of their actual wealth or income.
(3) Jean-Baptiste Isnard was an 18th-century economist. These estimates attempted to describe the theoretical distribution of income among different social classes in pre-revolutionary France. Isnard’s work aimed to categorise income across groups like nobles, clergy, and commoners, providing a broad picture of economic disparity during the period.
(4) The Gini coefficient (or Gini index) is a widely used statistical measure of inequality within a population, specifically in terms of income or wealth distribution. It ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 indicates perfect equality (everyone has the same income or wealth), and 1 represents maximum inequality (one person or household holds all the wealth).
#frev#french revolution#history#disinformation#income inequality#critical thinking#amateurvoltaire's essay ramblings#don't believe everything you see online#even if you really really want to
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