#ref: research

[daywalkers-fic]

12. why the 1880s?

something about this decade really sings to me. I find in particular, nearing the end of the nineteenth century, so much was happening on around the world in terms of arts, politics, technology, colonization. world events and global news don’t personally reach the day-to-day lives of the everyday folk, but they are an important part in gauging what life, thought, and society was about—what things were important then and now?

basically for myself, reminding me of notable things that occured during the 1880s—some thematic, some of relevance to context and characters, and the rest just ?? interesting and/or wild?

cocaine is a hot new cure for everything and anything. perscribed, sold in foods and more. heroine introduced as a lesser-addictive substitute for morphine…

lots of developments in fields of psychology; many experiments and happenings; Freud starts his work 1886.

1880-1914 had +twenty million immigrants to the United States: Germany, Ireland, England, China had the most arrivals.

William Dorsey Swann, the first self-proclaimed drag queen, organizes a series of drag balls in Washington, D.C. 1880-1890s.

Jack the Ripper claims his “first” victim in 1888 White Chapel, London. big scare.

Sherlock Holmes first appears in Arthur Conan Doyle’s A Study In Scarlet as part of the British magazine’s Beeton’s Christmas Annual in 1887.

Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson is published in 1886. Gothic fiction, drawing from emerging fields of science and psychology. & Treasure Island was published earlier in 1883 by him too!

Mark Twain drops The Prince and the Pauper (1881), Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884), A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889).

Bel-Ami, Guy de Maupassant’s second novel is published in 1885. about a man who seduces and manipulates high society French women in the French colonies for power and wealth. MOVIE WAS ADAPTED IN 2012 STARTING ROBERT PATTINSON LOL

western European art movements very romantic and swirly and pretty: Monet, Debussy xoxo.

meanwhile, African American ragtime music becomes the “pop” music across the pond here.

North Dakota (1889), South Dakota (1889), Montana (1889), Washington (1889) become states.

train segregation laws flag beginning of Jim Crow; Civil Rights Movement of 1875 voided, making discrimination in private is not illegal, and prohibiting state intervention to personal or commercial segregation. l*nching continues throughout the south. slavery may be over on paper, but indentured labour is legal.

1882 infamous O.K Corral gunfight.

Gold Rush continues, all over the world—South Africa, to British Columbia, to California, to Argentina, to Russia-China borders.

centuries of American “Indian” wars continue.

American Dawes Act of 1887 granted American government authorization to regulate indigenous lands, including creating and assigning and enforcing reservations.

Sitting Bull’s 1883 speech of the atrocities experienced at the hands of white American settler colonists.

Canadian Pacific Railway 1881-1885. foreign labourers were hired to do a lot of heavy, dangerous, unwanted work. in America, more than 100,000km of tracks were laid by majority Chinese, Irish, Scandinavian workers.

America’s Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and Canada’s Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 was officiated, enforcing law of a Head Tax to be paid for every Chinese person entering North America. over the course of the next couple of decades, the fee of $1,500 was doubled to $5,000 was increased 500% to $25,000 in today’s currency—per person. this had devastating and lasting impacts on generations and societies of Chinese living both overseas and already in North America. propaganda at this time created many racist myths that persist today: there are too many Asians, they are taking our jobs, (the men) are gross and effeminate and a threat to (white) women, they shady and scheming people. these were the first and only major federal legislation to explicitly suspend immigration for a specific nationality in American and Canadian history. (I study Asian Canadian history, I can go on about this all day)

Tong Wars (1883-1913) had Chinatown gangs and factions in violent street wars across America, San Fransisco to New York.

large, targeted, and repeated anti-Jewish rioting (pogorm) and antisemitism rampant throughout Imperial Russia, 1881-1882 had more than two hundred anti-Jewish events alone. Jews continue to be racialized and othered.

fuck ton of colonization happening in Africa and the Middle East, Southeast Asia. Berlin conference 1884-1885 literally chopped up Africa to distribute to European powers.

Irish nationalist efforts to push forth Home Rule bill of sovereignty is defeated in British Parliament. Irish are not “white”, they are “othered” in Europe and in Americas.

use of photographic film pioneered by George Eastman, who started manufacturing film. his first camera (Kodak) was ready for sale in 1888.

Thomas Edison gets lit in New York 1883 with first electrical power station. next several year sees major cities being lit up with street lamps and public lighting with the science and works of a Nikolas Tesla (1886-1893).

hell of a lot more inventions in the works and patents being claimed. Hertz and radiowaves, Bell for telephone services.

“Between the years of 1850–1900, women were placed in mental institutions for behaving in ways the male society did not agree with”

way too much history to cram, obviously. here are some keywords for further research oki

prison industry / spiritualism / opium epidemic / irregular and uneven “modernizations” in rural vs. urban areas / class and poverty gaps / morality scares, checks, comparisons, gaps / new businesses and gadgets, products, tech to help with anything / fascination of the (colonial) Other; side shows, “freak shows” and other human zoos

[thoughmymindcouldthink]

Crossroads Research

*Where does this take place? who else is involved? how alone is she? is she a trucker, fatefully happening upon these deals as she travels where she’s destined? does she live in a town that’s just a glorified truck stop with transients and dead dreams? is she a demon?

*What superstition and I leaning on? Leaning toward mixing pot - American Gods feel (reread). Cult of Hecate?

I. Wikipedia: crossroads represent a meeting point of two places; planes of reality, worlds, etc. - a form of liminal space

A. Ancient Religions

Mercury and/or Odin were worshipped at crossroads

B. Hoodoo

to acquire physical skills like music or strength, one must attend a crossroads a number of times near midnight and a black man that “some call the devil” will grant this ability

VooDoo: there are mediaries between mortals and immortals and one guards/is found at crossroads

C. Blues songs

Demons can be summoned by rituals at crossroads

Sold It To the Devil by Black Spider Dumpling

Cross Road Blues by Robert Johnson

Common tales of selling one’s soul for musical talent (common theme in rock and metal)

D. Brazilian Myth/Religion

E. Burial

UK tradition of burying criminals and suicides at crossroads; possibly to prevent peaceful afterlife or to bury them outside of the main settlements, or to confuse unhappy spirits attempting to return

F. Crossroad Villages

Colonial America: towns that sprung up at crossroads of frequently travelled roads: tavern, general store, and other resources would establish towns. religious and educational beliefs and practices would soon follow (think small western towns?)

G. Hecate

“liminal goddess”

H. Irish crossroad dances

Google Scholar: Further Research

https://www.jstor.org/stable/20187554?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

The Crossroads in Folklore and Myth by Martin Puhvel

Further:

Facilitates crossroad deals

Also refers to a crossroads she must take

WHAT is this crossroad? What kicks it off? Does it have to do with her father?

Who is her father?

What kind of metaphor reads as a crossroads? perhaps more like a fork (i.e. the opportunity to merely continue straight or to take a turn)?

If there are demons & devils, there must be opposition: beings of light (priests? gods? angels? clerics?)

[jstor]

Searching best practices on JSTOR

Hi Tumblr researchers,

As promised, we're going to dive into some best practices for searching on JSTOR. This'll be a long one!

The first thing to note is that JSTOR is not Google, so searches should not be conducted in the same way.

More on that in this video:

Basic Search on JSTOR

To search for exact phrases, enclose the words within quotation marks, like "to be or not to be".

To construct a more effective search, utilize Boolean operators, such as "tea trade" AND china.

Advanced Searching on JSTOR

Utilize the drop-down menus to refine your search parameters, limiting them to the title, author, abstract, or caption text.

Combine search terms using Boolean operators like AND/OR/NOT and NEAR 5/10/25. The NEAR operator finds keyword combinations within 5, 10, or 25 words of each other. It applies only when searching for single keyword combinations, such as "cat NEAR 5 dog," but not for phrases like "domesticated cat" NEAR 5 dog.

Utilize the "Narrow by" options to search for articles exclusively, include/exclude book reviews, narrow your search to a specific time frame or language.

To focus your article search on specific disciplines and titles, select the appropriate checkboxes. Please note that discipline searching is currently limited to journal content, excluding ebooks from the search.

Finding Content You Have Access To

To discover downloadable articles, chapters, and pamphlets for reading, you have the option to narrow down your search to accessible content. Simply navigate to the Advanced Search page and locate the "Select an access type" feature, which offers the following choices:

All Content will show you all of the relevant search results on JSTOR, regardless of whether or not you can access it.

Content I can access will show you content you can download or read online. This will include Early Journal Content and journals/books publishers have made freely available.

Once you've refined your search, simply select an option that aligns with your needs and discover the most relevant items. Additionally, you have the option to further narrow down your search results after conducting an initial search. Look for this option located below the "access type" checkbox, situated at the bottom left-hand side of the page.

Additional resources

For more search recommendations, feel free to explore this page on JSTOR searching. There, you will find information on truncation, wildcards, and proximity, using fields, and metadata hyperlinks.

[wildflowercryptid]

i'm about to pass out at my desk, but have this stupid ass doodle i did before i go sleep.

[callisteios]

I have a new uquiz for you, go on a pilgrimage with me. discover who you are.

[enitsirk]

Andhera’s comedic timings truly impeccable

[arowitharrows]

God how I wish there'd been articles like this years ago when people were tripping over themselves to deny any and all struggles asexual people face. The amount of times people demanded "proof" when we talked about our experiences. Well, there's certainly more research being published nowadays, if that counts as "proof". I hope they read it.

Today “asexuality is widely accepted as a sexual orientation in the literature,” Hille says, but cultural awareness remains in its infancy, especially compared with other orientations under the LGBTQIA+ umbrella. Saying you don't experience sexual attraction is still like saying you don't eat, Hille explains, and “if you don't eat, there's something wrong with you, and you're hurting yourself.” Asexual people sometimes get this message not just from family and acquaintances but from their health-care providers. Shelby Wren, a health equity researcher at the University of Minnesota, published a study in 2020 in which 30 to 50 percent of respondents who had disclosed their asexuality in a medical setting said a therapist or doctor had attributed their asexuality to a health condition. The proposed diagnoses included anxiety, depression and, in one case, a personality disorder. “You don't know what's going to happen when you disclose your sexual orientation,” Wren says. “And for a lot of people, that stops them from talking about things that could be relevant to their health care.”

[...]

Refraining from disclosing one's asexuality to a mental health provider is often a “very rational decision,” Chasin says. “It's always much worse to be actively rejected and misunderstood.” For instance, asexual people are sometimes subjected to conversion therapy, a practice aimed at changing someone's sexuality or gender identity. It is banned for minors in 22 U.S. states because of its well-documented and extensive harms, including increased rates of suicide. A 2018 U.K. government survey of LGBTQIA+ people found that asexual respondents were the most likely to be offered conversion therapy and as likely as gay and lesbian people to receive it. A recent survey by the Trevor Project found that 4 percent of asexual youths in the U.S. were subjected to conversion therapy, on par with bisexual respondents. On the legislative level, bans on conversion therapy should explicitly reference asexuality, Benoit says. So, too, should professional associations of health-care practitioners, says Samantha Guz, a social work researcher at the University of Chicago. “Asexual people are made to be so invisible in our society that I don't think just having a broad call against conversion therapy is specific enough,” Guz says.

Even well-meaning doctors might unwittingly harm their patients. To a clinician, a patient who is worried that they should feel more sexual desire—and who does not know they are simply asexual—might initially look similar to patients who want sexual intimacy and could benefit from treatments aimed at increasing or restoring desire. Treatments for certain types of sexual dysfunction do help some people whose level of sexual desire leaves them distressed and unsatisfied, Brotto says. For some people, though, this distress may be coming not from an intrinsic desire to want sex but from external pressures such as partners or society as a whole. “I have worked with folks where it's taken us many, many months for the person to really understand how well asexuality fits with their identity,” as opposed to having an issue that is rooted in a health problem or a situational condition, Brotto says. Most doctors, though, don't know that such a distinction exists or is necessary, she adds.

[viiriidiian]

caleb page to ignore the empire siblings’ unknown status post-apogee solstice... anyways! everyone say big stretch to frumpkin.

i made a matching beau page here for all you lesbians out there

[alleesaur]

Stelle ref!

A human mage who specializes in constellation magic; she devotes herself to research but gets discouraged pretty often

[adriancatrin]

four plus sokka

and the inked sketch cuz i like it

[mezucore]

[daywalkers-fic]

09. the cowboy code

"What follows is a reminder of some “cowboy codes,” that were very popular in the late 1940s and ’50s. These creeds and rules are from some of America’s favorite silver screen cowboy heroes, and they seem surprisingly timely."

Bill Reynolds, Cowboy Codes from Western Heroes (2017)

I was researching general slang and colloquial terms and came across Legends of America's webpage for something called "The Code of the West". I know that pirates lived by an unofficial-official code of conduct/creed that helped bring some ordinance at sea (i.e. general principles that were recognized and used during that time period). The idea of the pirate code existing in the past, and used, makes more sense to me than the idea that a "cowboy way of life" was a thing that was used in the past, and still is today.

Now, the American "cowboy" is an identity and idea that has existed from the 1800s, until now. With every year, decade, century that has passed, the "cowboy" is reinvented and takes on a new kind of form that is new and specific to their time, yet still recognizable. The previous forms being lost to fiction or distant memory.

The idea of a Code of the West (as I had guessed) formulated in the 1900s. By then, an extensive, diverse, and turbulent history of the American frontier had been lived — a history that was available for folks to write, re-write, and romanticize about.

I am not suggesting that these "codes" written in the 1900s are incorrect, inaccurate, or insufficient (that 1800s "cowboys" were the "real" ones, the "ogs"). Rather, I am rambling here to muse aloud about the existence of such a "code" at all. The fact that there are so many damn variations just shows that there is a way to neatly define an (American) "cowboy". Should note that the 20th century also saw the rise of the "cowboy" as a character type and static ideal. These codes had and have purpose, whether to help draft an American her, idealize the past, or inspire folks today to pursue an “honourable” way of life and philosophy.

Anyways, super interesting find, fun to learn more about today. My goal is to really stay true to research and development, and in my experience, an important part of this process is to watch out for overarching ideas and generalizations. Again, not that they are "incorrect" but that they must be contextualized, especially when it is from the perspective of the present to the past.

The Code of the West / Zane Grey (1934)

Gene Autry's Cowboy Code of Honor / Gene Autry (1944)

Cowboy Values: Recapturing What America Once Stood For / James P Owen (2008)

The Lone Ranger’s Creed / (1933)

Roy Rogers Riders Club Rules / Roy Rogers (1955)

[kheprriverse]

Did I ever tell y’all Tekoha has kids? Idr tbh but I'm doing that now lol

They’re twins; Tefke and Safiya!

More info in the tags ↓

[groovygladiatorsheep]

Cloth swap Dimentio -> Ink | Ink <- Dimentio

Yesterday I’ve had the great ideas of swapping clothes between Dimentio and Ink !! They’re both favs of mines ngl

I might doodle these designs either digitally or on paper, who knows..

‧˚₊꒷꒦︶︶︶︶︶꒷꒦︶︶︶︶︶꒦꒷‧₊˚⊹

‧˚₊ Credits..

Dimentio belongs to - Super Paper Mario

Ink belongs to - @comyet

‧˚₊꒷꒦︶︶︶︶︶꒷꒦︶︶︶︶︶꒦꒷‧₊˚⊹

‧˚₊ Info..

I kinda imagined the cloth swap to not just be one, but also the clothes being adapted to both of these characters !

I think Ink would find Dimentio interesting ✨

[essenceofarda]

slowly chipping away at some Farawyn Star Wars Au doodles 👀

[carnivalcarriondiscarded]

(Fantasy au question!) Barnaby is bard, but does he know how to use his lute? Any songs he knows?

i'd think that he can use a Variety of instruments! so if he had a lute, he'd probably be able to bang out some tunes! as for songs.. man. idk! many!