#behavior and cognition

[gryffindorpsychologyandcoffee]

Working on my term paper this afternoon. It’s a cloudy day and this PSL is a perfect way to enjoy the fall weather we’re having 🍂🍁📖📝

🎵 Halloween at Hogwarts Ambiance - YouTube

[behaviorally-balanced]

You have to change the environment to see real change.

[espl-22]

WHAT THE PAST TEACHES US AND HOW IT CONTROLS OUR PRESENT- THE LEARNED HELPLESSNESS EXPERIMENT

At the University of Pennsylvania, Martin Seligman and his colleagues were studying the process by which an animal or human associates one thing with another.

Their experiment involved training by the ringing of a bell and then the administration of a light shock to a dog. During the course of this social learning experiment something unexpected happened Each dog was placed in a large crate that was divided down the middle with a low fence and the dog could see and jump over the fence easily. The floor on one side of the fence was electrified, but not on the other side of the fence. Seligman placed each dog on the electrified side and administered a light shock. He expected the dog to jump to the non-shocking side of the fence. In an unexpected turn, the dogs simply laid down. The hypothesis was that as the dogs realized, in their own learning pathways, from the first part of the experiment that there was nothing, they could do to avoid the shocks, they gave up in the second part of the experiment. To prove this hypothesis the experimenters brought in a new set of animals and found that dogs with no history in the experiment would jump over the fence.

This condition is called LEARNED HELPLESSNESS. Where a human or animal does not attempt to get out of a negative situation because the past has taught them that they are helpless. Further research has shown that the way people view the potential negative events that happen to them can have an impact on their habit formation as to whether they feel helpless or not. Sometimes, people identify factors to blame for situations of LEARNED HELPLESSNESS. Such factors are called Attributions. Attributions can be made for positive and negative events.

Psychologists classify attributions as a) Internal b) Stable c) Global

Have you experienced anyone blame something for their helpless behaviours?

Let's look at an example : Imagine that you just failed an important test. There are several things that you could say were the reason for that: 'I'm stupid.' 'I didn't study hard enough.' 'The test was too hard.' Each of those reasons can be seen as a different type of attribution. An attribution is the factor that a person blames for the outcome of a situation. Attributions can be made for both positive and negative events.

There are specific types of attributions that cause learned helplessness called a) internal b) stable c) global.

 Have you experienced anyone blame something for their helplessness?

[yisum]

咨询师笔记counselor notes

斯坦福大學行為設計學創始人B.J.福格發明了一個行為公式：B=MAP。這個公式稱為福格行為模型。公式中B為行為，M為動機，A為能力，P為提示。福格認為行為的發生，需要動機、能力、提示三要素同時發揮作用。

全文：https://www.xinli001.com/info/100487785?utm_source=tumblr

他還認為人的動機是不斷變化的，容易忽高忽低，不容易一直維持在高點，但是能力和提示相對於動機來說卻更容易把握。

對於能力這一點，讓行為簡單到隨時隨便都可以做的程度，我們的行為就會發生。

比如鍛煉身體，制定一個每天跑步3公里的目標，你很可能無法堅持，但是製定一個每天吃完晚飯後只在房間裡走一分鐘的目標，你多半能堅持做到。

[neyatimes]

Afraid to sleep indoors: Child survivors of deadly quake left traumatized

Editor’s Note: A version of this story first appeared in CNN’s Meanwhile in the Middle East newsletter, a three-times-a-week look inside the region’s biggest stories. Sign up here. Abu Dhabi, UAE CNN  —  “She used to jump up and down like a butterfly. Now, she is psychologically broken.” Samer Sharif, 51, is talking about his 15-year-old daughter Salma, who witnessed the death of her brother…

[anewsbuddy]

When older parents resist help or advice, use these tips to cope | CNN

KFF Health News  —  It was a regrettable mistake. But Kim Sylvester thought she was doing the right thing at the time. Her 80-year-old mother, Harriet Burkel, had fallen at her home in Raleigh, North Carolina, fractured her pelvis and gone to a rehabilitation center to recover. It was only days after the death of Burkel’s husband, 82, who had moved into a memory care facility three years…

[theambitiouswoman]

Cognitive Techniques To Change Your Thoughts ✨✨

Cognitive techniques are strategies used in cognitive therapy to help you identify and change negative thoughts and beliefs. These techniques should be practiced regularly so that they become habits.

Cognitive Restructuring: This involves identifying and challenging negative or irrational thoughts and replacing them with more positive or rational beliefs.

Thought Stopping: When you notice a negative thought entering your mind, you can mentally shout "Stop!" This interrupts the thought process and gives you a chance to replace the negative thought with a positive one.

Mindfulness and Meditation: These practices help you become more aware of your thoughts and feelings in the present moment. When you observe your thoughts without judgment, you gain insight into negative patterns and choose to let them go.

Journaling: Writing down your thoughts can help you process and analyze them. With time you can identify patterns and work on changing negative thought cycles.

Positive Affirmations: Repeating positive statements can help counteract negative self talk and reinforce positive beliefs about yourself.

Evidence Collection: When faced with a negative belief, ask yourself, "What evidence do I have that supports or refutes this thought?" This can help you see things in a more balanced way.

Decatastrophizing: If you tend to imagine the worst scenario, ask yourself how likely it is to happen and what other possible outcomes there might be. This can help you view situations more realistically.

Labeling: Instead of saying "I am a failure," label the thought as "a negative thought about my abilities."

Distraction: Engaging in an activity or hobby can divert your attention from negative thoughts and give your mind a break.

Scheduling Worry Time: Instead of ruminating on worries throughout the day, set aside a specific time to process them. This can prevent constant worry and allow you to focus on other tasks.

Challenging Cognitive Distortions: Recognize and challenge cognitive distortions like black-and-white thinking, overgeneralization, and personalization.

Visual Imagery: Visualize a place or situation where you feel calm and happy. This can help shift your focus from negative thoughts.

These are very simple descriptions and examples of cognitive techniques. I listed the ones we can put into practice on our own. There are more in depth methods and practices used by doctors on different fields of study and practice. I can list, as well as add upon the information listed here.

[freshtimetravelvoid]

TW: mentions of medical, seizures, potential abuse (?), other general bad stuff.

Okay, I recently got a hold of my medical records from when I was younger. My mother had told me I had some health problems but has been vague about it so I asked for them.

It is a lot so I'll try to summarize to the best of my ability.

I had an infected spinal tap @ birth (Including this because I don't know if this could've caused anything). Reports of rashes all over the body but mostly the face until 1yrs old.

Around 1 1/2 yrs started having absence seizures-starring off and not responding to people trying to snap me out of it, then passing out afterwards or falling. Important note-one of the records state that after I'd fallen I had mystery 'fluid' coming out of my nose.

When being studied for this it was noted that I "bump into things a lot". Tests included that EEG reveals several isolated frontal sharp waves.

Now, the psychiatric history is what I'm puzzled over.

Around 2yrs I started having problems w/ my speech. I had problems with enunciating words and talking in general. Notes state that this is thought bc of the seizures. The notes also state that this is the same time my father came back from being deployed. @ this time my behavior towards him became quiet and avoidant. Notes "after a phone conversation w/ dad" this goes on to say that I stopped talking, only saying a few words a day and is easier to talk to on the phone. (This is important for another part of the post)

When put into therapy its noted that I'm hesitant to play w/ other kids and watches them first before playing. (IDK if this is just anxiety)

Now, interestingly the next part states that I when I see myself in the mirror I "freak out". It's also noted that I don't recognize facial expressions.

Trigger warning Ig; violence against family pet.

It's also noted that sometimes I would get very angry and attack my father w/ utensils. (I don't know about any of the other times bc it is not stated anywhere else). Right after this it's stated that I'm very fearful of men. Then that I have attacked the family dog by putting a pillow over the dogs head and even stabbed the dog once w/ a pen "w/ such force that the pen became stuck in the dog's skin". It's then noted that the seizures were still happening but it took less time and recovery time was shorter.

Chronic eczema and frequent nosebleeds was reported after a few months.

Noted that fearful when playing w/ testing materials (blocks)

I'm not sure what any of this means but it raises some concerns. The seizures had reportedly stopped around 2 1/2yrs-3yrs and no other reports were there.

If there are any psychologists or neurologists that have any opinions or concerns please write/comment below.

[gryffindorpsychologyandcoffee]

Doing some make up work before class today. It’s almost spring break so I’m trying to get as much done as possible so I can relax next week! Hope your week is going well!

[behaviorally-balanced]

Choose happiness always. Happiness is a choice that we can make every day. Here are some simple steps to choose happiness and live more joyfully.

1. Gratitude is the practice of focusing on what we have rather than what we don't have. When we cultivate gratitude, we train our minds to see the positive aspects of our lives.

2. We all need a sense of purpose in our lives. We feel more fulfilled and satisfied when we feel like we're contributing to something larger than ourselves. Take some time to reflect on what's important to you and what brings you joy.

3. Humans are social creatures, and our relationships with others significantly impact our happiness. Make time for the people who matter most to you, whether your partner, friends, or family.

4. Taking care of yourself is essential for your happiness. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat well, and exercise regularly. Take time to do things you enjoy, whether reading a book, taking a bubble bath, or walking in nature. Prioritizing self-care shows yourself that you're worth taking care of, and that's an essential part of choosing happiness.

5. Negativity can be a happiness killer. Whether it's negative self-talk or dwelling on the past, negativity can hold us back from experiencing joy in the present moment. Practice letting go of negativity by acknowledging it when it arises and consciously focusing on the positive instead. Surround yourself with positivity by spending time with people who uplift you and consuming media that makes you feel good.

Choosing happiness is a daily practice that requires effort and intention. Remember, happiness is a choice that you have the power to make every day.

[fuzzytimes1]

Infant screen time could impact academic success, study finds

CNN — Letting toddlers watch tablets and watch TV can affect their academic performance and emotional well-being, according to a new study. The researchers found that increased use of screen time in infancy was associated with poorer executive functioning once the child was 9 years old, the researchers said Study published Monday in the journal JAMA Pediatrics. Executive functioning skills are…

[seek--rest]

stan culture is a disease that I will never understand. I cannot reconcile the cognitive dissonance of reading that your favorite star actively avoids going out because of the stalker, creepy photos and videos that people are taking and somehow accept this as okay because “that’s the price of being famous” no. no it isn’t. a celebrity acknowledging that their fandom is fucking deranged and has entire accounts dedicated to stalking your every move does not magically give everyone a pass to keep doing it. it’s not PR. it’s not fun. the normalization of the actual stalking of celebrities and bending over backwards to defend what you all do is absolutely fucking bizarre.

[anewsbuddy]

Older dogs who sleep badly may have dementia, study says | CNN

CNN  —  In a veterinary lab in North Carolina, Woofus, a 15-year-old basset hound mix, is allowing researchers to attach an electroencephalogram, or EEG, electrodes to his head before padding off to a dark, cozy room for an afternoon nap. During his snooze, the study team will analyze Woofus’ brain waves to judge the quality of his sleep. Woofus has canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome, or…