#Pharmacotherapy

[hauntedselves]

I'm changing medication from escitalopram (Lexapro) to sertraline (Zoloft). apparently sertraline treats OCD and PTSD as well as anxiety, so it'll be interesting to see if it has any effect on my symptoms of those

[eligalilei]

note on cariprazine, w/ olanzapine interactions

Vraylar may lead to an increase in the levels of olanzapine by a bit, as well as boost the sedation by kicking its effects toward those that are usually considered more secondary.

You can also get sedation from tapering any AP, due to a drop off of some of the serotonin action. This is also maybe kind of theoretical, but a possibility.

Another consideration is that Vraylar is just a way more dopamine-active med. Many people find this activating, and it does more so activate D3 than any other... but occupancy is still high with it across the board, so it could be sedating, especially coming off of something kind of dopamine-light like olanzapine.

Sooo.... it is possibly an effect of the switch more than the target drug itself, though one couldn't say with any certainty.

.

One more thing to know about Vraylar is that it continues to build up for literally months. So, with that in mind, it's worth waiting to decide on the target dose: you'll still keep getting an increase in effect for a long time (around three months) just by taking the same dose. Then, if you want to stop the med, you'll have to wait just as long for it to clear out of your system and get back to baseline.

The half life of the parent drug is about 1 week, sure, but the active metabolite can last up to three, then a drug either continues to build up, or become eliminated, for five times that number. So, in sum, make your dose changes surely and certainly, lol, 'cuz you won't know what they're doing in full for three months, and then it could take as long to go back to normal, after you freak out about it 'being the Vraylar,' when in fact you were just overshooting the dose. I have heard of people taking it less than even daily for some conditions for this very reason.

Don't want to scare you off of Vraylar, but it is finicky like that, and I've yet to see this explained to a patient, some of whom suddenly end up with akathisia or, other issues, that then take a long time to resolve.

[gauricmi]

Gastric Motility Disorder Drug:  New Treatments Emerging for Difficult Gastric Disorders

Understanding Gastric Motility Disorder Drug GMD are a group of conditions that affect the normal movement of contents through the stomach. The stomach acts as a holding chamber, churning and partially breaking down food before advancing it into the small intestine. In GMD, this process is disrupted leading to a variety of symptoms. Some common types of GMD include gastroparesis, dysfunctional dyspepsia, and nausea and vomiting of unknown cause. Gastroparesis, or delayed gastric emptying, occurs when the stomach takes too long to empty its contents. This allows food to linger and ferment in the stomach, causing discomfort. Symptoms of gastroparesis include vomiting, heartburn, bloating, and abdominal pain after eating. Dysfunctional dyspepsia is characterized by these same symptoms but normal gastric emptying. The exact cause is unknown. Nausea and vomiting of unknown cause involves episodes of nausea and vomiting without an identifiable trigger. All of these conditions can greatly impact quality of life. Current Treatment Limitations The current treatment paradigm for Gastric Motility Disorder Drug focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the underlying dysfunction. For gastroparesis, dietary changes such as smaller, more frequent low-fat meals are recommended, along with prokinetic drugs to stimulate gastric emptying. However, available prokinetics have important tolerability issues and limited efficacy. Metoclopramide is often used but can cause Parkinsonism-like side effects with long-term use. Domperidone is not approved in the U.S. due to cardiac concerns. For symptoms like nausea and vomiting, antiemetics are utilized, but they do not work for all patients and their effects are temporary. Other approaches used include antacids and proton pump inhibitors for reflux relief. While these measures provide some benefit, they do not correct the gastric dysmotility driving the ongoing symptoms. A large unmet need exists for new options that can more predictably and sustainably improve gastric function and resolution of symptoms for those suffering from these difficult disorders. Emerging Treatments Targeting Underlying Pathophysiology Researchers are pursuing novel mechanisms that could restore normal coordinated gastric contractions in order to enhance emptying. One approach involves enhancing vagal nerve stimulation, important for controlling gastric motility. Implantable neurostimulation devices are being studied to electrically activate the vagus nerve in a coordinated manner. Early data suggests increased antral contractions and symptom improvement compared to sham stimulation in gastroparesis patients. Further development is ongoing. Aside from neurostimulation, pharmacological agents targeting specific receptors involved in gastric motility are being investigated. One drug enhances the activity of motilin, a hormone critical for digestive muscle contractions. It is currently in Phase III testing for gastroparesis. By mimicking the natural process motilin triggers, this medication may have the potential to safely and effectively promote gastric emptying in a sustained manner. Another compound under study targets a bile acid receptor called TGR5. TGR5 activation leads to GLP-1 release which drives gastric emptying. Preliminary results show more rapid gastric emptying compared to placebo in healthy individuals. If successful in motility disorders, these novel mechanisms could change the fundamental treatment paradigm. Get More Insights On This Topic:  Gastric Motility Disorder Drug

[wellhealthhub]

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[skippydiesposting]

guess who's officially gonna be a published first author!!!!!!

[aditijainimagesharing]

Pharmacotherapy in Indore | Dr Aditi Jain

Explore effective pharmacotherapy in Indore with Dr. Aditi Jain. Contact +91-9165025135 for expert medication management and care. Schedule your consultation for personalized treatment today!

[gabrielsbubblegumbitch]

Your blog is my favorite, I'm obsessed, no one does it like you when it comes to voxval 💕 Thank you for your service!

Can I ask your opinion, what do you think the day to day life is like between the Vees, how much are they really interacting in a day?

💕

Omg stahp it or my grandiosity will skyrocket asdfsga But honestly, thank you, it means the world to me that you like it.

So, I think the Vees are besties, business partners, and kinda roommates. They're all big personalities, and I believe each of them needs their space, so they each own separate apartments in the tower but also share a big common space. They enjoy each other's company and often just vibe together when they have time because they're all extroverts, but they don't really like people outside of their mean girls' club. At least once a week, they have a mandatory meeting to exchange gossip and informal updates about each other's lives. Oh, they also love having sleepovers, either all three together or in pairs.

Valentino and Velvette do skincare together, paint their nails, design outfits, and talk about fashion, sex, art, and causing mayhem in society. Vox and Velvette discuss creating content, boosting engagement, business strategies, complain about Valentino, and plot to take down Carmilla. Vox and Valentino have kinky sex and fantasize about taking over the world and murdering people.

They're not exactly a super wholesome, healthy found family, but they're doing their best? Being all egotistical maniacs, they find it hard to care in the traditional sense of the word. But they sometimes order food or coffee for each other, check on each other during rough times, and buy silly gifts.

Also, we know that Vox is kind of the leader of the group, and you probably know that I headcanon him as having strong bipolar tendencies. So, I believe that when he goes into a depressive episode, the rest seriously take care of him. Velvette looks after his business, covers for him during meetings, and takes control of his social media to fabricate some story about vacations, while Valentino tries to comfort him and sometimes offers appropriate pharmacotherapy.

Also I've just posted a bunch of silly Vees headcanons so you can check it because it includes some stuff I'd also put here.

[mistydeyes]

therapy pt. ii; treatment and pharmacotherapy

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FIRST read part i here! olivia (@lundenloves) covers the initial therapy portion beautifully and i cannot emphasize how good the characterization of simon is!!

summary: Reeling from the myriad of questions posed by the therapist, Simon is now sent to the second process of therapy: treatment and meds.

pairing: Simon "Ghost" Riley x fem!reader

warnings: swearing, medical terminology + medications, mentions of depression/anxiety/ptsd

a/n: i finally got around to this! this has been in the works since the summer and tbh I fell off with it but olivia's amazing part + pharmacy school rotations really invigorated this back up! hope you enjoy :)

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As Simon exited the stuffy office, he felt defeated. He wanted to escape the confines of the base and forget about all the information he had offered willingly. He hesitated as he eyed the corridor with a glowing red exit sign at the end of it. As if he was thinking aloud, Kaufman’s voice echoed in the hallway.

“The medical wing is the other way,” she called with a laugh, sickly rebounding in the sterile, empty hallway. With balled fists, Simon made the journey to his next destination.

Similar to this morning, the soldiers avoided his gaze and hastily stepped out of his way as he continued. The halls were filled with the sounds of his heavy boots as he saw the large sign signifying the medical wing. He could feel his fist tighten as he reached the closed door. “Captain Blake Isley,” he muttered as he looked at the golden lettering of the plaque. With a moment’s hesitation, he pounded on the wood with three resounding knocks that echoed in the hallway.

“Enter!” he could hear the captain command from the other side of the door. He gripped the cold door knob before entering the sterile office. He blinked slowly and adjusted to the harsh overhead light.

He stood in the cold environment, noting the various bookshelves of medical literature and some certificates displayed on the wall. Captain Isley sat behind a desk, a stack of files in front of her. Simon silently cursed, why did it always have to be a woman?

“You can sit down, Simon,” she replied without glancing up, “I’ll be with you in a moment.” Simon sat himself at one of the two chairs in front of her desk. He almost preferred this over the therapist’s office. First, it was cold and he revealed in the atmosphere. He also enjoyed her lack of interest in his case. Hopefully, he would get some time back and still be able to return to his gym routine.

However, as she pulled out his large case file and typed furiously at her computer, he knew this would be as long as his previous appointment. “Alright,” she said as she looked at him, “let’s get the basics out of the way.” She moved her mouse and he assumed his file was on the screen.

“Can you confirm your height and weight?” Isley asked and Simon couldn’t help but scoff. “Shouldn’t that be in my file there, Captain?” he questioned. “Just confirm for me, Simon,” she replied, “and you can drop the formalities, I’m fine with Doctor.” Simon smiled slightly at her contradiction. “1.93 meters and 100 kilos last I remember,” he replied curtly and she nodded as she continued.

“Great,” she replied sarcastically, “now for the fun stuff.” She pulled out a file that appeared to be his medical and pharmacy records. “I’ll go through these 1 by 1 and you just need to let me know if you’re still taking them,” she said before going line by line.

“Paracetamol?” “Yes, regularly.” Simon settled down in the chair. His frequent visits to the infirmary and pharmacy would make this list a long one. She nodded before moving her finger down to the next line.

“Lemborexant?” He took a moment to think about what that one looked like before he replied. “The sleep one?” “Yes, looks like it’s for your insomnia,” she said, looking down at the manila file. “Mostly when I’m back on base or leave.”

“How about Metaxalone?” “Only on leave.” To this, she raised an eyebrow as she looked up. “You don’t take it regularly?” “No, who wants to take something four times a day.” Simon couldn’t help but feel defensive. That one was the size of a horse pill and it was meant to help with some muscle pain. Despite the relief, he would always leave it behind on long missions. He could work through some pain if it meant that he didn’t have to take cover and swallow another pill.

“Vitamin D?” “When, I remember.” Simon secretly hated this one. It smelled overly like a fish market and he had an entire lecture from his general practitioner to get more sun and to stop wearing his mask.

“Calcium carbonate?” she continued to question and Simon stopped for a moment. “I’m not the doctor here,” he said in a sarcastic tone, “what are those?” She pursed her lips before replying. “TUMS, Simon, do you take TUMS?” “When I need to,” he said and sat back in his chair.

“Alright, and I’ll skip past your other lovely pharmaceuticals as it looks like they correlate to your hospital stays.” Thank god, this session would turn into another fucking hour based on his last few visits.

“You must be a field day at the pharmacy,” she joked and Simon let out a semblance of a laugh. She rifled through some papers in her desk before she spoke again. “Looks like you have some history with fluoxetine, any thoughts?”

He remembered taking it before he enlisted. It was a small, green, and white capsule meant to help with all of his shit. He hated the constant schedule and the sight of these things, eventually deciding to stop it in basic.

“Hated them,” he replied without any further comments. “Why is that?” she asked, taking a moment to look up at him. “The schedule was a nuisance,” he said plainly and she sighed. “That’s a common complaint but looks like you have a schedule now, Simon.” He nodded in response before she looked back down at her papers.

“Simon, have you ever heard of venlafaxine and risperidone?” she questioned. “Never heard of ‘em” he responded and he leaned forward as she handed him a few papers.

The two papers had the two unfamiliar drug names listed on top along with a slew of information. His eyes flickered around at terms like “post-traumatic stress disorder” and “depression.” She cleared her throat before continuing. “I’ll give you the basics and you can read that in your free time,” she stated and he put the papers in his lap.

“Venlafaxine is generally used for treatment of depression and other mood disorders,” Isley began to say and he couldn’t believe he was being prescribed an antidepressant again. “But I’m going to therapy,” he interjected and it sounded more harsh than he had intended. “Think of this as going hand in hand with that,” she stated with a sudden tone of optimism, “they both benefit one another.” He nodded in feigned agreement as it was no use fighting against it.

“Now you’ll want to take these around the same time every day,” she continued and he groaned at the consistent schedule. Just another thing to add to his routine. “You should see improvements in about two weeks but don’t be surprised if it takes a little longer,” she advised and he continued to demonstrate he was listening.

“Alright, now for the other one,” Isley said as she looked at her notes. “Alright, so we’re also starting you on Risperidone,” she stated, “now this also treats mood disorders similar to venlafaxine.” She looked at him as if he should be writing these down but he just continued to nod and attempt to remember the key notes.

“Take this as well once a day around the same time,” she advised and continued with her lecture, “better yet you can take both of them at the same time so you don’t forget!” She took a moment to look over the papers before looking up at him again. “You’ve been quiet, Simon,” she observed and he hated the sudden shift of attention back on him. “Any questions?” she inquired as she stuffed the papers back into his file.

“None, Captain,” he responded flatly, wanting to exit this mini-medication lecture. She raised an eyebrow at him and he coughed out, “Sorry, doctor.” Isley sighed before folding her hands on the table. “Then you’re all set, I’ll have your scripts sent down to the pharmacy.” With that Simon, pushed back the seat and walked towards the door. Just as he was about to exit, the doctor had one last thing to say.

“Oh and Simon, watch your alcohol with this,” Isley spoke and he turned to her, “one drink will feel like five.” He laughed slightly, at least there were some benefits to this new addition to his routine.

The pharmacy was Simon’s final stop of the day. He looked at the analog clock on the wall, 16:00. God, this day was turning out to be a tour of the entire base and all he wanted to do was head to the gym. He stood in the queue and impatiently tapped his boot on the ground. The last thing he needed was this line. But it moved at a snail’s pace as the pharmacist ran around and typed occasionally into the monitor.

Simon was looking down at his phone when he felt someone bump his arm. He looked up and saw Gaz smiling up at him. “Fancy seeing you here,” he chuckled and Simon rolled his eyes. He nodded in response and hoped Gaz would just leave. “Long day?” he continued to question and Simon grunted, trying his best to make minimal conversation. “You can say that,” he muttered and Gaz finally caught on to Simon’s attitude. “Well, I’ll see you around Lieutenant,” he replied before walking off with his bag in hand.

Finally, Simon had reached the front of the queue. He looked back at the clock, half past the hour. “Rushing off somewhere, Simon?” the pharmacist asked and he looked back at her. “No Captain, it’s just been a long day,” he breathed out and she returned a reassuring smile. As Isley postulated, Simon frequented the pharmacy on a monthly basis. She knew him by name and went to pull up his file.

“Got a few new ones, I see,” she replied and Simon nodded in response. “Let me go see if those are ready.” Simon waited as he saw the pharmacist walk to the bins and search for his bag. “Here we go!” she smiled and opened the bag to count out the medication bottles. “Alright, so I have your three here,” she replied, “it’s a shame you aren’t due for your others so I’ll be seeing you next month.” Fucking wonderful, he thought, just another visit to this side of the base.

Before she handed it to him, she took another look at the bag. “Did Isley talk to you about alcohol with these?” she questioned as she looked up at him. Simon met her gaze and nodded. “Got her lecture, Captain,” he replied and she took a deep breath. “Okay good, you got a hefty cocktail here Simon but you didn’t hear it from Pharmacy,” she winked.

As he went to go take the bag, she pulled bag. “Anything else, Captain?” he grumbled, he just wanted his stupid medication that she was forfeiting. “One more thing, but did Isley talk about the fentanyl lollipops you are deployed with?” she questioned yet again. Simon remembered the newest edition to his med-pack, a set of white lollies that contained fentanyl for any injury on the field. “Yeah, got those a while ago,” she hummed as he confirmed her suspicions.

“I’ll make a note here and notify your team but you cannot take those,” she warned, “under any circumstances, you cannot be given those.” He raised an eyebrow at the odd instruction. “What will I die, Captain?” he expressed with doubt. She laughed slightly before replying. “That, or a seizure,” she mused, “or you might just shit your ass out.” It was Simon’s turn to laugh and he waved at her as he exited the pharmacy.

“I’ll be sure to tell Mactavish when I call him, I just know he would find that funny,” she called out and Simon felt his lips curve into a smile. As he held the rattling pill bottles in hand, he tried his best to figure out where to fit it into his routine. No time was ideal but he guessed the morning would suffice. He would need to get a goddamn calendar at the amount of things he was supposed to remember.

Just as he walked back to his quarters, your name popped up on his phone. “Hope you’re doing well :)” you wrote, almost as if you could tell he was having a shit day. Out of therapy sessions, he found value in one thing she focused on. He would be doing this, the therapy and the pills, for you. Not for him or Price or his teammates, he’ll be doing this for you.

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[helpfandom]

platonic yandere scarecrow hcs? Or just analyzing what he'd be like as a yandere

Well, 🐁 anon, here you go! HC's unless someone wants to read me ramble about an analysis...?

@yanderefangirl

He finds it interesting that you visit someone here [Arkham], who could it be? Upon noticing who it is you may be visiting, and as to whom it is that you are, he becomes intrigued in your story. As such, he wishes to find out every little thing, perhaps then his mind can rest.

Nevertheless, he finds out more about with or without you knowing, using his ties with Carmine Falcone to easily track you and your activities.

Using this knowledge [and his criminal ties], he slowly inserts himself into your life, using the school that you go to to give lectures of pharmacotherapy, and psychology, trying to persuade you by the littlest things, and then moving to bigger ways to put him into your life.

Although he has still yet to understand that he is obsessed with you, he assures himself that it is simply a scientific obsession, seeing as most people who visit Arkham end up with a dose of fear gas and seeing you just simply not react to the effects of it interests him.

So in his attempts to insert himself into your life, he finds out more and more about you that make him interested even if he doesn't realize it.

By the time he realizes he wants you, and that he must take care of you, Ra's Al Ghul is almost there. So he stages an attack on you, and steals you then, when Batman is too busy to realize what happened to one singular civilian.

[mariacallous]

Introduction

Research and practice over the past several decades have provided evidence about the effectiveness of some interventions that treat mental illnesses and substance use disorders (SUDs). That research has identified elements of treatment, including psychotherapies like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and various pharmacotherapies; interventions that combine treatment elements, like relapse prevention for major depression; team-based programs that offer a suite of interventions, such as assertive community treatment (ACT) for severe and persistent mental illnesses; and models that focus on the integration of treatment for depression and anxiety disorders into primary care practices, like the Collaborative Care Model.

Nevertheless, the take up of evidence-based practices has been weak and has stalled in recent years, despite national recognition of the need to address high rates of mental health and substance use disorders. There is a mismatch between the strategies that research suggests are likely to benefit people and the availability of those strategies to people who may benefit from them. The roots of this mismatch may lie in challenges in understanding how to spread effective programs in complex organizational and funding environments, and how to scale the programs, organizational arrangements, and interventions that work. Moreover, though the “technology” for improving mental health and SUD care is understood, there are economic, organizational, and cultural forces that create enormous frictions for efforts aimed at putting knowledge about mental illnesses and SUDs and their treatments to work.  A shaky foundation of behavioral health service access, in which many communities in the U.S. find themselves lacking sufficient behavioral health services, underpins these larger forces.  This is particularly problematic for low-income communities and rural communities, where access issues are large.  And the research itself frequently does not address the impact of the interventions on important populations, including and especially people of color.

In this paper, we focus on four behavioral health policy issue areas that are marked by evidence-based understanding about what works, a need to rely on integration and coordination of effort across multiple sectors of public services, illnesses and circumstances that are highly stigmatized, and a history of institutional designs that create barriers to sustainable programs. These policy issue areas are:

Deploying interventions early in the course of severe conditions, such as psychosis, expected to be persistent and disabling without intervention;

Advancing healthy brain development and behavior in early childhood;

Providing effective and timely response to behavioral health crises; and

Supporting the reentry into communities of formerly incarcerated people with mental health and substance use conditions.

For each of these issue areas, we conducted an environmental scan of the evidence of the issue area’s impact and conducted facilitated interactions with practitioners, experts, and stakeholders.  Across these diverse areas, common challenges and clear strategies to spread and scale evidence-based behavioral health interventions emerged. Tackling these challenges and advancing these strategies create opportunities for philanthropy, governments at all levels, and communities to engage and advance efforts to strengthen evidence-based behavioral health service provision in the U.S. in these four areas.

[redlips-greensleeves]

The Psychology of Qi Rong (TW for cannibalism and mental health)

This is a review of Qi Rong's behaviour and symptoms in relation to this authors note. According to MXTX, if put into a modern day context, Qi Rong would be said to have bipolar disorder. In order to verify this statement, this post is dedicated to comparing actual symptoms of bipolar disorder and Qi Rong's behaviour from the novel in order to prove this statement true.

I would like to put out a disclaimer that I am not a licensed psychology practitioner, but a student who hasn't finished his degree yet. I am simply writing this because this authors note wouldn't leave my brain. Please don't expect total accuracy from this post, though I will try my best to ensure that there is no error on my part

I would also like everyone to note that the term bipolar itself, is used to describe a spectrum of disorders, and that simply regulating it to one term would be incorrect, and that treatment can vary depending on the disorder

Bipolar Disorder: History, Symptoms and Probable Causes

Bipolar disorder is characterized by chronically occurring episodes of mania or hypomania alternating with depression and is often misdiagnosed initially. Treatment involves pharmacotherapy and psychosocial interventions, but mood relapse and incomplete response occur, particularly with depression.

(I want everyone to make note that the first recorded case of Bipolar Disorder as an illness was by Pierre Farlet in the mid-19th Century (1851-1854), who called it “folie circulaire” (circular madness). It was defined by manic and melancholic episodes separated by symptom-free intervals.

In 1854 Baillarger used the term "folie à double forme" to describe cyclic (manic–melancholic) episodes (Pichot 1995; Ritti 1879).

There also seems to be a mention of bipolar disorder (Unsure of this, take with a bit of salt) in the book Eight Treatesies on the Nurturing of Life by Gao Lian (Different character from the Lian in Xie Lian); dating back to the Ming Dynasty (1591 {first publication()} [requires fact checking])

(Note: Records of treatment of mental disorders in Ancient China go all the way back to the Tang Dynasty. If you check wikipedia, there is the claim that it goes back to 1100 BCE, which I can't confirm [requires fact checking])

Criteria to be met before diagnosing someone with Bipolar I Disorder according to the DSM-5 are at least one manic episode. This may be preceded by and may be followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes and the occurrence of the manic and major depressive episode(s) is not better explained by schizoaffective disorder, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder

Manic episodes are characterised increased talkativeness, rapid speech, a decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, distractibility, increase in goal-directed activity, and psychomotor agitation. Some other hallmarks of mania are an elevated or expansive mood, mood lability, impulsivity, irritability, and grandiosity (Can be remembered using the DIGFAST mnemonic)

Rapid cycling in bipolar disorder is defined as having at least 4 or more mood episodes in a 12-month period. These mood episodes may be manic, hypomanic, or depressive but must meet their full diagnostic and duration criteria. These episodes must be separated by periods of partial or full remission of at least 2 months or be separated by a switch to an episode of opposite polarities, such as mania or hypomania to major depressive episodes (Note: Switching from mania to hypomania or vice-versa would not qualify because they are not opposite polarity). Rapid cycling bipolar disorder patients have been found to be more resistant to pharmacotherapy.

Hypomania and mania can be distinguished by a certain feature- hypomania does not cause major deficits in social and occupational functioning. The duration of a manic episode is at least a week, while a hypomanic episode is about four days

Symptoms of a depressive episode include feeling very down/sad/anxious, slowed down or restless, trouble falling asleep, waking up too early, or sleeping too much, talking very slowly, feeling unable to find anything to say, or forgetting a lot, trouble concentrating or making decisions, unable to do even simple things, lack of interest in almost all activities, and feeling hopeless/worthless, or thinking about death or suicide

(Note: According to the DSM-5, major depressive and hypomanic episodes are common in bipolar I disorder but are not required for the diagnosis)

Bipolar II Disorder is defined by a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes. The hypomanic episodes are less severe than the manic episodes in bipolar I disorder

And finally, cyclothymic disorder/cyclothymia is defined by recurring hypomanic and depressive symptoms that are not intense enough or do not last long enough to qualify as hypomanic or depressive episodes

Like in the case of most mental disorders, there is no known cause for disorders on the bipolar spectrum, however the most widelt agreed upon risk factors are brain structure and functioning (some studies show that the brains of people with bipolar disorder differ in certain ways from the brains of people who do not have bipolar disorder or any other mental disorder), and genetics (some research suggests that people with certain genes are more likely to develop bipolar disorder. Research also shows that people who have a parent or sibling with bipolar disorder have an increased chance of having the disorder themselves).

In relation to genetics, many genes are involved, and no one gene causes the disorder (Which, if the authors note is true, we can assume that one of his parents carried the genes for it, most probably his father).

青鬼戚容

Qi Rong needs no introduction or abstract (Because I don't have to submit this to a prof hehehe) to start with. He is iconic, and rightfully so. In order to try and analyse Qi Rong's behaviour, let us take a glance at his introductory (In this case, first physical) appearance.

In his first (physical) appearance Qi Rong talks shit about others, which isn't really notable in regards to this topic. Its like my Mother after the guests leave and she's finished playing social politics. Its nothing interesting, just the typical criteria for the average aunty.

But you know what is interesting? His lair.

He has a throne, a banquet hall style dining set up. The only things he needs is the cauldron to cook (human) meat. I don't remember any of his subordinates needing to eat, and considering all of the salted carrion he has hanging around; not to mention the fresh meat stores he keeps (Three hundred humans...three hundred), he doesn’t eat a good chunk of the humans brought to him immediately. Its all unnecessarily grandiose for a single person, (We know that he doesn’t invite any dinner guests over. If he did, they'd be the main course)

If you notice Qi Rongs behaviour a majority of the time fits the criteria for a manic episode. Its also probably why his schemes seem to fail most of the time. Note that there has to be a remission period of two months in the case of rapid cycling (Which I belive occurs in Qi Rongs case), so MXTX is right, in a way. Qi Rong would be diagnosed with a disorder on the bipolar spectrum, more specifically Bipolar I Disorder

(One may also assume that he had cyclothymia during his days as a prince, but I believe that its just a showcase of certain symptoms of Bipolar I Disorder from a young age. He always had it, but it didnt manifest much more visibly until later on in his life)

Now Lets Talk About Kuru

Kuru is an infectious, acquired, non-immunogenic, fatal neurodegenerative prion disease. It progresses rapidly with cerebellar and extrapyramidal signs and symptoms, with death occurring within one to two years of onset of symptoms. What causes Kuru? Cannibalism, or more specifically the consumption of the brain tissue.

The diesease originated and was confined to the Fore Tribe in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea, where ritualistic cannibalism was practiced. Kuru is now extinct due to the outlawing of ritualistic cannibalism in the region.

(Note: There is a theory that cannibalism occurred due to famine, and that it was ratonalised by the Europeans who arrived their as a ritualistic practice. Colonisers have also used the excuse of cannibalism to colonise and kill indigenous populations)

What causes cannibalism? Usually, the two most predominantly ascribed motivations are hunger and hatred, and the occasional belief that eating human flesh is medicinal.

(This is a bit of a personal note from me, but from what I've heard, human flesh is not good for any living creatures health. In my hometown there are plenty of stories about animals going mad or dying after eating human flesh)

A point I want to make is that we do not know how Qi Rong died. Did he die from being eaten alive? Or did he pass from a neurodegenerative disease caused by consuming human flesh in order to survive? If its the latter, it could explain his behaviour.

Kuru is also known as the laughing disease, as patients exhibited sporadic uncontrollable laughter, due to being emotionally labile. Perhaps Qi Rong passed before the disease could reach the sedentary phase? Maybe he was killed before that. Symptoms of Kuru can take time to manifest completely, so I feel that this theory should not be discounted.

Reference(s)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559103/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3188776/

https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/bipolar-disorder

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493168/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t8/

https://web.archive.org/web/20070928103521/http://www.nmh.gov.tw/nmh_web/english_version/exhibition/exhibition_s0703.cfm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813703/

A note of gratitude for @toowolfdelusion for posting that authors note, otherwise this brainfart of mine would not exist

[safehaven3d]

story time when i had an a/na psychiatrist borderlining on a/na coach 😌💓💓 (sarcastic)

tw: mentions of past s/a, e/d in healthcare workers

Did i tell you my last psychiatrist DEFINITELY had orthorexia? She was sooo underweight and one of her whatsapp pics was of her sweating after a workout posing with her oh so tiny & toned arms.

I will first start of saying that i am greatful for her work and all she did to find some sort of sleeping pill that worked for me along an antidepressant and others. I will 100% give her that, she was amazing with her knowledge and research textbook wise. But too much of a good thing is never good and she stuck to the textbook knowledge so much she almost rammed it up my ass I STG.

Still not letting go how this bitch recommend me a kindle for sleep (i had pharmacotherapy-resistant insonmia after a SA) and when my sister GIFTED me one and i started using it she said i couldn't use it bc IT INTERRUPTED MY SLEEP.

BITCH!!!!

Every fucking appointment you go onto a rant abt blue light this, blue light that SHUT THE FUCK UP WDYM MY SISTER WASTED MONEY ON THIS MF????

like after that i left her and have gave up om therapy (its been abt a yr therapy free and im ready to restart just need the medicaid to help finacially) i seriously couldn't deal w her constantly telling me i had to exercise and X amount of hours weekly (yes, she literally would berate me on the exact time of daily exercise and the type of exercise as well) to be healthy when I HAD AN SPINAL INJURY and NO PAIN MEDS. And SHE KNEW.

Like im still fucking mad!!! That was so fucked up and straight up disrespectful and completely disregarded my condition at the time. I hate fucking doctors that just push exercise exercise. Like DUDE i KNOW its good for me but its not accesible rn so STOP PUSHING ME and other people who are chronically in pain. Really fucked up.

im so deregulated but i needed to get something off my chest that i just remembered. nobody has to read this tbh but putting it out here helps. tysm to my moots & fools that always interact w my stuff. i really really care for y'all, take care

[gauricmi]

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[darkmaga-retard]

It wasn’t “unreliable data”, it was outright and intentional fraud: the data NEVER existed in the first place. How many times have we been punked by criminal scientists? First, it was Covid itself. Then, it was HCQ. Then Ivermectin. Then, remdesivir (killed tens of thousands). Then, fraudulent hospital protocols that killed tens of thousands. This is a war against humanity perpetrated by monsters who are individually guilty of crimes against humanity. ⁃ Patrick Wood, TN Editor.

Early January of 2024, Americans learned about the publication of an article from Elsevier’s Journal of Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy overseen by Dr. Danyelle Townsend, a professor at the University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy’s Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences. As Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Townsend reviewed, approved, and published the article titled: “Deaths induced by compassionate use of hydroxychloroquine during the first COVID-19 wave: An estimate.”

The article was always a hypothesized estimate of people that might have died, but now even that estimate has been retracted. The reason for the retraction was that the Belgian dataset that was one of the bases for the piece was found to be “unreliable” (but in reality was fraudulent). The article also repeatedly referenced the New England Journal of Medicine’s 2020 RECOVERY trial. The RECOVERY trial is well known to be a deeply flawed study which, in addition to implementing late treatment in severely ill Covid patients, used extremely high doses of HCQ.

The now retracted publication authors were all French or Canadian, with the primary author a pharmacist by the name of Alexiane Pradelle. According to a rudimentary internet search, Dr. Pradelle had never published before. Subsequently, listed authors were degreed as physicians, pharmacists, and/or professors of their respective disciplines. The main, corresponding author, Jean-Christophe Lega, runs the Evaluation and Modeling of Therapeutic Effects team at the University of Lyon.

Hydroxychloroquine’s Fabled Safety History Contrasts Data

In addition to being a hypothesized estimate, the article also attacked the legendary safety of HCQ, contradicting centuries of the safety of quinolines as a class.

HCQ, chloroquine and quinine are structurally and pharmaceutically/mechanistically related, sharing the same quinoline structural group. The original iteration of quinine was a very fortunate discovery that dates back to the 1600s (at least) as a medicinal tipple used by Jesuit missionaries in South America. It is naturally found in the bark of the Cinchona tree (also called a “Quina-Quina” tree).

Quinine is still available today both as a prescription drug, for similar indications as HCQ including malaria…and as a Covid-19 treatment.

Quinine is so safe that it may be unique in that the FDA simultaneously permits its use without a prescription, as an ingredient in tonic waters.